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- Creator:
- Woodruff, Ta Ta Neshe Lecole
- Description:
- White terrorism is a phenomenon that is underexamined within the scholarship. This study is designed to add to the limited body of research on white terrorism by using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine two white men who have authored massacres. The articles from mainstream media reports are being examined through the lens of van Dijk’s CDA theoretical approach. Mainstream media reporting supports a narrative that promotes white men as an unexamined and benign character within the discipline of journalism. These acts disempower minoritized people, as they are penalized and overpoliced within quotidian lived experiences. Although journalism is not the only institution that protects white males, the corporate unit is the most visible to the public. The benign tropes allocated to white people should be available to all; however, this is not the case for terrorism. This level of institutional unfairness creates a system in news reporting that confirms the modus operandi of whiteness and white supremacy in journalism. To abate racism, the scholarship as an institution must examine, interrogate, expose, and name white men as terrorists.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Communication Studies
- Creator:
- Kurak, Ivana
- Description:
- The author's research began with these questions: How far away from social norms did the hippies go regarding gender roles? Were women ever freed from these expectations? What did family life on the communes look like? This research argues that counterculture women were practicing gender equality through social and economic means resulting from communal living. Mainstream society had regulated gender roles to the public sphere and the domestic sphere. Communes represented a third sphere, a new experimental ground safe from mainstream criticisms and economic pressures. This thesis explores everyday women's lives in the counterculture and the complex roles they created within these new societies. This form of inquiry will help fill the historiographical void that revolves around hippie women living on communes.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- History
- Creator:
- Scott, Jenisia M
- Description:
- This thesis consists of a collection of creative writing pieces by the author.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English: Creative Writing
4. Comparing model-computed turnover rates with isotopic ages for sustainable groundwater management
- Creator:
- Grimm, Nicole Franchesca
- Description:
- The Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) provides an opportunity for innovative approaches of assessing groundwater models and water budgets. Advanced models calibrated with groundwater elevation alone may not accurately reflect residence times or aquifer storage turnover times, as uncertainty remains over recharge and seepage rates to deep aquifers. This study compares groundwater residence times based on isotopic signatures with those based on output from the Butte Basin Groundwater Model (BBGM). Comparison of these independent observational and numerical estimates allows for assessment and refinement of the model’s reliability for sustainable management of the groundwater basin. This study focuses on 210 wells located in Butte County, with an emphasis on 45 production and monitoring wells screened over the heavily pumped Tuscan Formation. Groundwater with an apparent age of less than 70 years is dated using the 3H/3He method, and longer residence time estimates are based on radiogenic 4He concentrations. Samples from nested monitoring wells provide greater resolution with depth than samples from long-screened production wells, which typically reflect a broad mixture of ages. Independent estimates of residence times are based on output from the BBGM. The Z-budget subroutine was applied to model output to examine the water budget over specific hydrostratigraphic layers, including the Tuscan Formation. The output budget from the model gives the volume of water in storage in each aquifer layer and the inflow and outflow rates; therefore, the mean residence time is readily calculated. The isotopic data indicate a wide range of groundwater ages and recharge sources with stream water recharging younger water (water table and modern water) and foothill and mixed precipitation recharging older water (pre-modern and fossil water). Of the 45 samples from the Tuscan Formations, half contain a portion of modern water with an average age of 31 years and show evidence of substantial dilution of modern water with pre-modern water. Eighty-seven percent of Tuscan wells contain pre-modern and fossil water, with an average age of ten thousand years. The mean residence time from the model for the targeted Tuscan layers in the Vina and Durham subregions from the model is 25 years. The model outputs a single turnover time, analogous to ‘piston’ flow. If we more appropriately assume an exponential age distribution for the same mean residence time, this translates to only 6 % of all water being older than 70 years, much less than determined from isotopic ages (87 %). More importantly, the exponential age distribution predicts no water older than 500 years, whereas the isotopic data indicate fossil water in 58 % of the Tuscan wells. While the model captures the residence time of the younger portion of groundwater ages, the difference in model and isotope-derived residence time for older groundwater provides an opportunity to improve the model calibration to include these fossil waters. By neglecting this older component of water, recharge rate estimates may be unrealistically high, which could allow unsustainable pumping under some management scenarios.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Huanaco, Miguel
- Description:
- There have been many scholarly works written about Mexico’s Movimiento de Acción Revolucionaria (MAR) or revolutionary action movement; however, there has never been a scholarly work written about its founder Professor Gómez Souza. Ninety percent of the scholarly works written about the MAR are only available in Spanish, limiting their distribution to a broader audience of non-Spanish readers and restricting their research availability for scholars. I saw the need to both write a scholarly work about Professor Gomez Souza and to add to the existing literature about the MAR for a broader audience. This MA thesis project is ninety-percent archival, gathered and translated from Spanish declarations of formerly imprisoned MAR militants. Yet completing research on Mexico’s Dirty War was not easy because accessing archival records about the MAR and Professor Gómez Souza is difficult. The Dirección Federal de Seguridad (DFS) archives have been sealed, and they were briefly unsealed during the Vicente Fox presidency in 2002, only to be partially resealed again at the end of his presidency. The archival declarations used for this project come to us at a costly price. DFS agents extracted testimonials from MAR militants after hours of questioning and torture, which raises the question about the accuracy of these declarations. However, these archives are all that the historical community has, and we will use them as a window into Professor Fabricio Gómez Souza and the MAR. The archives used were gathered from the Archivo General de la Nación, and donated by Guerrero’s ex-truth commission, or (COMVERDAD) and are now compiled on a non-profit online database for the world to read the injustices of the Dirty War.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- History
- Creator:
- Padmanabhan, Chitra Vijay
- Description:
- This ethnographical research is geared towards understanding the lived experiences of South Asian LGB persons, residing in the United States. The thesis proposes that a strong LGBT cultural competency framework is needed to overcome challenges faced by South Asian sexual minorities. With this idea, the research delves into core aspects of South Asian culture using Geert Hoefstede’s cultural taxonomy. Also, the paper engages in in- depth identity construction of South Asians from macro, meso and micro factors. The scope of the research also includes immigration, group dynamics of South Asian diaspora and individual-level standpoint in ethnic South Asian social spaces. To achieve this the study, uses Harry Wolcott ethnographical methodology for data collection and analysis. Finally, the research sums-up on all cultural factors that affect integration of South Asian LGB persons into mainstream society as well as in-group South Asian circles. The larger aim is to bridge the gap in cross-cultural study, which is deeply rooted in western traditions of thinking.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Algarmi, Mohamed
- Description:
- This thesis consists of four short stories by the author.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English
- Creator:
- Wedding, Katrina Elise
- Description:
- This thesis consists of a collection of poetry and two works of nonfiction by the author.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English
- Creator:
- Lawrence, Genevieve
- Description:
- This thesis consists chiefly of poems by the author.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English
10. Mismatched shoes
- Creator:
- Dizon, Christopher John
- Description:
- This thesis is a collection of six short stories by the author.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English
11. Countering the effects of multigenerational race and gender trauma: a prescriptive educational mode
- Creator:
- Huggins, Ericka C.
- Description:
- Sociological theorists and researchers in the area of race and education agree that the impact of inferior educational programs and race, class and gender based allocation of funding for public education impact the esteem and sense of worth for poor youth. These inequities significantly impact youth of color, specifically those of African and Latin American descent. This theoretical framework is reviewed in Chapter 1 - Review of Literature. However, there is limited research resulting in concrete change in these inequities and the quality of education for poor youth and youth of color. Additionally, very little research has been done on the impact of the racial history of the U.S. on the education o f children today . This study provides insight into the multigenerational impact of slavery in the United States and the resulting racial segregation in U.S. schools. The basis of this qualitative study is the Oakland Community School (OCS), a model community-based elementary conceived by the Black Panther Party. Through in-depth interviews and qualitative assessments of 20 former students, parents, teachers and staff, coupled with complimentary research, the results show that educational conditions can impact the historical legacy of race and gender trauma. Prevalent in the study are the links between racial inequities in education on the identity formation of young people of color. The study also provides a prescriptive model for the future of public education and the communities that support and house it,
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Harirchian, Paymann
- Description:
- The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Epstein-Barr virus-induced protein 2 (EBI2) has no known natural/endogenous ligand or activator. EBI2 could potentially have an important function in the human immune system due to its high expression in immune cells. It also shows high expression in psoriatic lesions in comparison to healthy skin perhaps indicating a role during inflammatory responses in the skin. We have demonstrated that EBI2 is involved in the toll-like receptor dependent in vitro modulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC). T cells from EBI2-KO mouse showed no defect in ex vivo proliferation. The EBI2-KO mouse was tested in three autoimmune disease models. In the psoriasis model, DNFB induced skin inflammation, no effect was observed on the adaptive immune response. There was a trend in the innate immune response where EBI2-KO mice showed less inflammation. In the multiple sclerosis model, MOG induced EAE, no distinguishable difference was observed between the EBI2-KO and the wild type animals. In the DSS induced colitis we saw no differences between the knock out and wild type groups. In sum EBI2 does not appear to be indispensable to the development of the autoimmune disorder animal models tested. Further studies are required to fully understand the role of this highly and specifically expressed GPCR in the immune system.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Roberts, Nicholas J.
- Description:
- Throughout the year 1972, air filter samples were collected at Kellogg, Idaho, in the Coeur d'Alene mining district. These samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of trace metallic elements in the air and to look for indications of their sources - for example, which ones are in the air as a result of the mining and smelting operations, and which are there "naturally" through being picked up by winds from the soil surface. The samples were analyzed for 34 elements using instrumental neutron- activation analysis (INAA), and for six elements using x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA). The experimental procedures and results are given here.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Physics
- Creator:
- Dunne, Brian David
- Description:
- This study was undertaken to determine the validity of the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) for the prediction of success or failure while on probation. The subjects for this study consisted of 32 male adult probationers in San Francisco County who agreed to take the CPI. These subjects fell into four groups, eight in each group, on the basis of their Base Code Expectancy Scoring Classification System scores and whether they were recidivistic or not. The Base Code system takes into account objective background data available in prison files, such as arrest record, prior employment history, and record of alcohol or opiate usage, and yields an "A," "B," or "C" rating according to the numerical score obtained. Those probationers who receive an "A" were considered low-risk, while those who receive a "B" or "C" rating were considered high-risk. The four groups of probationers were: (1) those who receive an "A" rating and successfully complete probation; (2) those who receive an "A" rating and do not successfully complete probation; (3) those who receive a "B" or "C" rating and successfully complete probation; and (4) those who receive a "B" or "C" rating and do not successfully complete probation. The criteria for failure on probation was the presence of at least one conviction (minor traffic violations excluded) during the probation period. The t test between two independent groups was computed to determine if there were differences among the four groups on any of the CPI scales. The results of this study indicated that the Sociability scale of the CPI significantly differentiated between "A" probationers who succeed on probation and "B" or "C" probationers who succeed on probation, as seen in the testing of H21. Also, the Socialization scale of the CPI significantly differentiated between "B" or "C" probationers who succeed on probation and "B" or "C" probationers who do not succeed on probation, as seen in the testing of H98. However, the overwhelming absence of significant differences among the four groups indicated that the CPI had little use in the prediction of recidivistic or nonredicivistic tendencies in probationers. It was concluded that the probation officer should rely upon the Base Code Expectancy Scoring Classification System and his own judgement in estimating the probability of recidivistic behavior in probationers.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Education
- Creator:
- Schenk, Ruth
- Description:
- This thesis examines the ways Nigerian-born British novelist Buchi Emecheta incorporates the strategies of post-colonial and feminist theory. The author explores where and how she satisfies the feminist demands of informing and expanding post-colonial theory. The resistance to the dominant colonial and neo-colonial influences, due to social and economical globalization, would then challenge the woman writer to look to the relationships between 'colonizers' and 'colonized' as well as between men and women. As a result, Emecheta employs the techniques of post-colonial rhetoric that signals the opposition to traditional colonial influences and the increase of neo-colonial presences. In addition, this thesis follows the female characters and the process of self-definition and assertion as they are valued in feminist criticism. When looking at language, relationships and self-actualization one can understand the feminist struggle of Emecheta's heroines in the context of post-colonial existence. Most importantly though, Emecheta seems to question and undermine the given feminist and post-colonial framework; she refuses to the strict adherence of these frameworks. Instead, the mode of deconstructions allows her to free herself from both agendas. As an ultimate act of emancipation, she introduces ambivalence and retraction. As the thesis follows the development of the writer and the prevalent themes of her novels in terms of specific stages and overall commonalities, the act of questioning, deconstructing, reformulating, and reassessing remains the main objective.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- English
- Creator:
- Harvey-Costello, Nydra
- Description:
- Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient that is critical for productive ecosystems. Phosphorus form, or “speciation,” is an important factor influencing nutrient availability, and the amount of bioavailable or plant-accessible P in soils. As soil genesis and development occurs, the availability of plant-accessible P and other nutrients changes: primary mineral P from the parent material weathers, and P may become associated with secondary minerals or organic matter. Phosphorus K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy was used to investigate evolution of P speciation along two soil sequences: The marine terraces of the “Ecological Staircase” in Mendocino County, CA, which form a soil chronosequence, and the climosequence in Kohala, Hawaii. Previous research demonstrated a decrease in bioavailable P across the “Ecological Staircase,” without identifying causes of this P limitation. We used phosphorus XANES spectra to provide insight on the molecular speciation and retention mechanisms of P in soil, and to distinguish between mineral P and adsorbed or organic P, which have differing bioavailability. At the Ecological Staircase, XANES spectra indicated that P speciation in an older terrace, characterized by the presence of a “Pygmy Forest”, was dominated by Fe-Phytate P (an organic form of P) complex associated with oxide minerals in soils. It is unclear if this chemical change in P speciation caused the nutrient limitation that led to the Pygmy Forest; other factors, such as soil pH, and an iron-stained clay hardpan may also limit plant development and nutrient availability to the trees in the Pygmy Forest. To further understand P speciation and soil development, a P K-edge XANES study of 46 sites along the well-characterized Kohala climosequence indicated, as previous studies have shown, that the arid sites were rich in primary mineral P and the semi-arid and wet sites were dominated by P associated with Fe oxides, such as hematite. No sudden changes in the phosphorus species were observed across the climosequence, but increased moisture appears to induce gradual changes in soil P species. XANES spectroscopy provides insights into changes in P speciation throughout soil development, and changes in P speciation may help to explain the variation of ecological features across a landscape. This work explored the relationship between chemical factors (i.e., P speciation) and other factors (e.g., physical barriers such as a hardpan, or climatic variations) on the ecology of two well-characterized sites.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Earth & Environmental Sciences, Geology
- Creator:
- Güner, Nadija
- Description:
- Human Pegivirus (HPgV) is a lymphotropic virus which causes infection in T and B lymphocytes, including B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ cells. Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus (AIDS) and shares the same modes of transmission as HPgV. A relationship between HIV-1 and HPgV was observed that is very significant which involves a lowered HIV-1 viral load, a higher CD4+ T cell count and a better reaction to HAART therapy which ultimately leads to a slower progression to AIDS in comparison to monoinfected HIV-1 patients. The form of entry that HPgV could potentially use to infect human white blood cells (WBCs) are two forms of endocytosis or viral fusion. Prior to determining the form of entry, infectious virions had to be generated. Verification of the plasmid (pAF121950) took place using a Diagnostic restriction digest. Plasmid isolation and linearization followed by proteinase k treatment took place. Approximately 8 months, were spent on troubleshooting Phenol chloroform extractions which included the various steps and reagents. Vacuum Grease and Glycogen were incorporated into the method which significantly improved the yield. The purified in vitro transcription product (IVT) was verified through an agarose and bleach gel. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis was unable to be completed due to cell death of the infected cells. The cell death could have attributed to the various reasons which range from the transfection method, cytotoxicity from the transfection agent or contamination of the RNA or reagents used during the transfection. A different transfection method such as Calcium phosphate, Diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)- Dextran or electroporation could be employed to generate infectious virions. Autophagy is an intracellular process involving the cellular breakdown of cytoplasmic cellular substances or cellular organelles that become non-functional or lose their integrity over time. The most common form of autophagy is entitled Macroautophagy, which involves the formation of an autophagosome, which is a double membrane bound vesicle generated by using cytoplasmic components, which will eventually entrap cytosolic components. The autophagosome is a very complex structure that uses components not only within the cytoplasm, but from cellular membrane components as well. For example, TMEM55B is a Type I phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphopshate 4 phosphatase, which is located near lysosome and endosomal membranes, but whose ultimate function remains to be elucidated. Thus, it’s role in lysosomal entry is up for debate. It may be involved in modifying the lysosomal membrane by altering lysosomal integral (or potentially peripheral) proteins. One such modifying protein is the serine- threonine kinase, Ulk-1, one of the principal autophagy related genes (Atg). In addition, Ulk-1 is an initiator of Macroautophagy that brings Atg proteins to a region where the formation of an autophagosome occurs. In addition to autophagosome regulation, signals upstream of the pathway allow Ulk-1 to activate based on the nutrient status of the cell. Thus, it is of interest to look at the role TMEM55B has in Ulk-1 expression. A knock- down experiment using the bacterial Crispr-Cas9 system will be employed to reduce the expression level of TMEM55B and look for alterations in Ulk-1 expression. Four different small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were generated using the Benchling software. The Target Sequence Protocol, provided by Zhang et al. was used to generate the modified Crispr-Cas9 construct. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the construct transfected into triple negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231 cells by Calcium Phosphate transfection. Two transfection attempts lead to 100% cell death following puromycin selection indicating a unsuccessful transfection. This technique was compared to siRNA technology. The expression of TMEM55B was reduced by 50%, which was completed by Margaret Hackney. Due to problems with Crispr-Cas9, the MDA-MB-231 knocked- down cells, created by Mrs. Hackney were used to determine the expression of Ulk-1. There was no difference in expression that was noted in Ulk-1. Still, this was only determined on a transcriptional level and will need further inquiry to determine if it is based on the translational level and level of TMEM55B inhibition which was only at 50%.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Biological Sciences
- Creator:
- Yadegari, Jennifer
- Description:
- Cyclooxygenase-2, also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2, is an enzyme linked to pain and inflammation. Although several types of prostaglandins can be synthesized via inducible cyclooxygenase-2, high levels of prostaglandin E2 are particularly associated with migraine symptoms. Inhibition of this enzyme can be achieved through pharmaceutical approaches such as NSAIDs and celecoxib, however, these means are not without deleterious side effects. Piper longum is an angiosperm containing several active constituents. Such compounds may function in cyclooxygenase- 2 inhibition, and therefore may be able to provide relief of migraine. Notable constituents of Piper longum include piperine, piperlongumine, and piperlonguminine. Minimal pharmacognostical studies exist on the topic of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and compounds found in Piper longum. Human COX-2 inhibitor screening assay kits were utilized in order to determine whether piperine, piperlongumine, and piperlonguminine were natural inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2. Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and aspirin were also assayed. Only ibuprofen was able to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 at a concentration of 1000 μM during reaction.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Biological Sciences
- Creator:
- Brady, Gary Lee
- Description:
- This thesis is an examination of how Chicago came to be the site of the 1983 Columbian Exposition, focusing on the factors of partisanship and sectionalism.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Vogel, Stanley E.
- Description:
- This study investigated the effect of visual feedback of the self upon the self-concepts of five educable mentally retarded (EMR) adolescent boys. The central question that the study investigated was, "Can films of EMR adolescents and the visual feedback of these films aid the EMR boys in developing a more realistic view of themselves and a more positive self-concept, as measured by a standardized self-concept scale?"
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Bolt, Robert L.
- Description:
- This study will attempt to measure the vocational interest patterns of Pre-Technology students who attend a Richmond, California high school; further, it will attempt to determine if there is a relationship between the success of these students in the Pre-Technology Program and their general vocational interests. To provide the measures of vocational interest, the Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory (MVII) will be used. Another concern of this Study will be the tendency of this group toward four aspects of personality. The Gordon Personal Profile (GPP) will be used to provide these measures of personality.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Brunton, Norman David
- Description:
- The purpose of the study detailed in this thesis was to investigate the differences between early and later enterers seven years after admission to kindergarten without adjusting for intelligence, then to reexamine the age groups with intelligence held constant.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Sun, Chaoya
- Description:
- This paper analyzes the emergence, development, and future of Chinese new media, especially the Internet, through discussing the restrictions that Chinese media faced under the Kaiserism of the Chinese government in both old and new China. It will additionally illustrate how the property of new media accomplishes successful communication through creating "meanings" on various aspects and compare the performances of new media and traditional media during two periods, the year of 2008 and the period from 2009 to 2012. In both of these periods, the fragility of the Chinese media system mirrors China's political system, while highlighting the demands of Chinese citizens and media towards greater freedom and autonomy. The struggles between China's censors and citizens are all listed and analyzed.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Robertson, Nancy C.
- Description:
- By closely reading several of Wordsworth's more famous poems written prior to the completion of The Prelude, one can follow the significant development of his spiritual consciousness. This viewpoint also offers a fresh understanding of Wordsworth's expressed nostalgia for childhood, his altering relationship to nature, his reverence for the imagination, his advancement toward conventional religion, and his diminishing power as a poet after 1808--the end of the period that Wordsworth scholars have christened "the great decade."
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Bradley, James P.
- Description:
- Every Friday and Saturday night a short length of thoroughfare in San Leandro is jammed with kids and cars. About seven-thirty in the evening they begin to arrive, driving their polished and modified cars down the street to a particular intersection where they make a "U" turn. Heading in the opposite direction to another intersection, they make a second ''U" turn and begin the circuit again. The action reaches its peak about eleven-thirty when hundreds of cars are either being driven or are parked on this street. This is not a phenomenon peculiar to this city. It has been observed by this writer in Richmond, Walnut Creek, San Jose, Fresno and Long Beach, California; Portland, Oregon; and Seattle, Washington. In addition, it has been reported by others to occur in many other cities. (Information from an interview with Peter Laufer. KSAN Radio Station, San Francisco, Calif., re: a broadcast on Feb. 27, 1971.) In all of these cities, it is the same pattern. The phenomenon involves hundreds of young people each evening. Some of them spend a considerable part of their leisure time at this activity, several hours each evening, six to eight evenings each month. It is an important social activity for many young people, and as such is worthy of investigation. The activity itself at first glance seems to be universal among social classes. Upon closer examination, however, the phenomenon takes on the characteristics of two particular classes. The cars and activities, while fulfilling the needs of many youths, seem to fit the needs of upper lower and lower middle class youth in particular. These young people from the families of regularly employed workers and minor white collar employees have adopted the value system of their parents. The two groups will be considered by the writer as working class because the minor white collar family more nearly fits into the working class value system than into the middle class system. The participants of this study seem to exhibit the values of the working class. In addition, because self esteem and status are of such importance to young people it would fulfill some of the status needs for these persons who have not achieved in other areas. Underachievers, academically, or socially, might compensate for their lack of success by competing for status in the value system of the activity known locally as "cruising the strip."
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Morse, Atsuko H.
- Description:
- This is a participant observation case study of an elementary school in Japan. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how Japanese elementary schools emphasize moral and social development as well as academic achievement. For this purpose, the Japanese educational history and cultural aspects of moral and social development were studied. In addition, one particular elementary school was observed and seven teachers were interviewed. In a typical elementary school, moral and social development promote respect for society and the established order; diligence; self-criticism; and valuing group goals above individual interests. In this research, the time allocation and contents for moral and social development were studied as to how these are actually integrated into the school curriculum. The interviewed teachers were two each in the first, fourth, and sixth grades and one administrator. A questionnaire was designed to analyze eight variables: 1. Teacher characteristics 2. Activities designed to enhance academic achievement 3. Activities designed to enhance moral and social development 4. Grade integrated activities 5. The general organization of the curriculum 6. Principles used to organize the elements of the subjects taught 7. The development of flexible plans or source units 8. The process of curriculum development. Variables 5 through 8 are based on Tyler's "Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction" (1949). The results of the observations demonstrated that there was strong emphasis on moral and social development as well as academic achievement. The objectives of moral and social development were exercised throughout pupils' school lives. This case study offers not only much valuable information and many practical ideas for moral and social development but also insight into the pupil-teacher relationship, curriculum development, and a possible teacher-support system for American elementary schools.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Smiley, Scott P.
- Description:
- Wilderness is a concept: it is an idea about the qualities of a particular type of place and about the relationship we have with that place-type. What is the meaning of the wilderness concept in the American context, and what values are attached to it? These are the broad questions underlying this thesis. The more specific question is "what do the landscapes of two particular wilderness areas, Desolation-Tahoe and Yosemite-Tuolumne, reveal about wilderness meaning and values?"
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Sadauskas, Allison and Pasto, Allison
- Description:
- Children hold significant roles in most of Flannery O'Connor's fiction, yet critics rarely address her works in comparative discussions of child images in literature. This thesis is an examination of the children who appear as characters in O'Connor's short stories "The Lame Shall Enter First," "The River," and "A View of the Woods."
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Linscott, Terry
- Description:
- This study investigated the subject of stress from an interdisciplinary orientation with the intent of formulating a premise as to what motivates people to pursue behaviors which, based on their predisposing relationship to illness and mortality statistics, are self-destructive. A theory was proposed which accounts for the prevalence and perseverance which typify the propensity to indulge in self-destructive behaviors. According to this theory, behaviors detrimental to health are enabled by the increasing availability of various substances which make it increasingly possible to self-regulate stress. The motivation to regulate stress is affect based. Optimal levels of arousal are sought, while the corresponding exhaustion and depression are avoided. Because of the strong relationship between illness and depression, the avoidance of depression is adaptive. Self-destructive behaviors which have the immediate effect of eliminating or reducing depression may be simultaneously adaptive and maladaptive predicated upon the instinct to survive. The result is that the stress induced corresponding emotions of anxiety and depression are being bifurcated in a manner which has implications for the functioning of stress as a survival mechanisms, and possibly for the evolving composition of the brain.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Cooley, Anita N.
- Description:
- In this thesis, the author examines four existing methods of stringed instrument instruction, noting that all four methods contain quality materials that help to develop musical technique and performance. However, the author believes that these methods are deficient because they do not include sufficient information and activities about the history of the instruments, the different styles of music, composer biographies, musical form and analysis, creative composition, or suggested listening. The inclusion of these elements would give the student a much better understanding of the musical art. A deeper appreciation of the instrument and its literature would result from an exploration into these related musical areas.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Fiano, Kate
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges I encountered when designing and implementing a music technology and composition club in a middle school setting. Specifically, research questions were: a) what challenges did I encounter when designing and implementing a music technology and composition club within a middle school setting?, and b) how did I design my curriculum for a middle school music technology and composition club? This study used action research where the teacher was the researcher. The teacher designed and implemented a 14-week Music Technology and Composition Club pilot afterschool with three students in a middle school setting. Data sources included: practitioner created curriculum, researcher journal, lesson deliverables, and student work. Initial findings indicate challenges presented in four themes: a) hardware and software, b) funding, c) pedagogy, and d) curriculum.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Music
- Creator:
- Bohan, Andrew A.
- Description:
- This thesis provides an analysis of the development and maturation of a Catholic middle class in Ireland during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- History
- Creator:
- Boyle, Tracey
- Description:
- After the Second World War, Europe lay in ruins. European Federalists aimed to rebuild Europe by uniting it. They wanted individual national governments to cede authority to a European union that could provide stimulus to economic growth and stop nationalistic rivalries from bringing war to Europe again. Ideally, they planned to create the United States of Europe with a constitution and parliament. The European Union (EU) became possible in 1993 due to the hard work and endless networking of eleven European Federalists considered “founding fathers” of the EU. Two of these men, Robert Schuman and Jean Monnet, were responsible for the precursor to the EU, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1950. Extensive personal networking and back-door negotiations were needed to achieve this humble start to the European Union. My thesis argues that after the Second World War, European Federalists also worked in a cultural, on-the-ground manner to generate support among citizens for EU structures. They calculated political and social pressure from voters would force European leaders to unite. They encouraged dialogue and debate among citizens in the hopes that this education and civic mindedness would contribute to European integration. They focused on youth outreach, youth education and youth travel between European nations by creating the European Youth Campaign from 1951-1958. However, Federalist aims to unite Europe were not the only forces shaping early EU structures. Individual countries retained their nationalistic agendas and often placed these above the goal of European integration. The ultimate design of Federalist structures and Federalist youth programs reflected a compromise with nationalistic policies. This thesis puts Federalist activities in their historical framework to reveal this compromise. This thesis takes an in-depth view of the European Youth Campaign (EYC). The EYC targeted youth and cultural institutions to generate support for the EU. This youth organization demonstrated a deeper, cultural approach to fending off Soviet influence and promoting European integration. I analyze the activities and management of the EYC. This thesis argues that youth were not simple pawns in European politics. Partly due to the EYC, youth became a dynamic force in European politics and international relations. To understand the evolution of the EYC, this thesis reviews the effective strategies the EYC took from prior Federalist organizations during the interwar and resistance period. European leaders began to appreciate the need for policies aimed at youth to tackle large political and social problems. Communist youth festivals prodded the European Federalists to develop their own youth outreach. England during the Second World War and Occupied Germany were fertile ground for the networking and discussions on education reform that led to the formation of the EYC. The use of archival resources on the EYC and the focus on youth and culture in this thesis is an important contribution to European Union studies.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- History
- Creator:
- Sahebi, Showhib
- Description:
- Tritonia diomedea (also known as Tritonia tetraquetra) is a marine gastropod that is used to study how the neuronal system controls behavior. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays an essential role in neurotransmission as it terminates cholinergic signaling in many species. The different oligomerization states of AChE were analyzed in T. diomedea’s hemolymph and central nervous system (CNS), consisting of brain and buccal ganglia for which fully soluble and detergent soluble extracts were obtained. Blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) gels were stained for AChE activity and showed different staining patterns for hemolymph with four bands and CNS tissues with two bands. Each band represents a different oligomerization state. Sedimentation profiles obtained via sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation also demonstrated that AChE occurs in different oligomerization states in the hemolymph compared to CNS tissues. The two most prominent forms of hemolymph AChE had sedimentation coefficients of 3.0 ± 0.8 S and 12.0 ± 1.6 S. For all CNS tissues the large peak around 12 S was absent and the main peak in the buccal ganglia samples had sedimentation coefficients that were smaller than 3 S. Only the FS brain sample appeared to have a peak around 4.9 S. The hemolymph, brain FS extract, and buccal ganglia extracts, however, shared a BN-PAGE band that exceeded the position of the largest molecular weight marker (>1236 kDa). This large molecular form was also detected in sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation where a tailing peak was observed at the end of the sedimentation profile. This large molecular form could potentially be an aggregation or precipitation since it did not appear in tissue extracts containing detergent. In sum, the CNS tissues of Tritonia diomedea contained fully soluble and detergent soluble forms of AChE. Hemolymph AChE was in a fully soluble form. With the exception of a potentially large molecular form, the AChE oligomerization states detected via BN-PAGE and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation differ between the hemolymph and the CNS tissue.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Chemistry & Biochemistry
35. From the death of eagles to the coming of wolves: the creation of post-Roman Britain 400-600 C.E.
- Creator:
- Doherty, Bryan
- Description:
- This Research explores the transition from post-Roman British to Anglo-Saxon as the dominant culture of England took place between the fifth and seventh centuries by utilizing the disciplines of history and archaeology. Studying cultures without a written tradition or limited primary sources such as the two studied in this research, results in a great limitation of evidence. Without any direct written records to assist them or only very few, historians turn to ethnohistorical methods, requiring them to filter through culture biases and issues of intended audience, genre, and intent of the text to find clues as to the nature of certain historical events and cultural aspects of interest. Archaeology supplies a great wealth of knowledge as to related material culture but suffers due to the disconnection between archaeological and historical scholarly literature. What has been revealed through research combining these two disciplines is a long-standing narrative of the British peoples not having agency in their own history. The narrative of both disciplines until the 2000’s, was that Britain was conquered and occupied by Rome, and then quickly fell into chaos after Rome’s exodus in the early fifth century. It was then quickly conquered by Anglo-Saxons by the beginning of the sixth century as most of the material culture dated to the sixth century was classified as Anglo- Saxon. Recent Archaeological research, however, namely that of Francis Pryor, James Gerrad, and Stuart Laycock suggest a counter narrative; one in which the British peoples had a direct and dramatic influence on the changes in Britain of the late fourth to sixth centuries. This narrative has been formed by challenging three major elements of the narrative conquest: Pryor argues that elements of British culture survived and thrived in the late days of the Roman occupation and returned in many ways to a pre-Roman Britain after the Roman exodus. Gerrad challenges the notion of an economic collapse when the Roman influence in Britain collapsed and bolsters Pryor’s argument of a fiercely independent Britain after the Roman occupation in an examination of a resurgence of a pastoral and agricultural focused economy practiced in pre-Roman Britain. Laycock adds to this narrative of British agency by arguing that it was British tribal conflicts, not necessarily invading Germanic peoples that shaped Britain in the late fourth through sixth centuries. This new narrative of British agency will be investigated and combined with the argument that the transition from post-Roman British to Anglo-Saxon as the dominant culture in Britain during the Migration Era was not the result of conquest but of cultural integration and assimilation. This argument will focus on three major elements of study: The rise of British power and influence in the waning years of the Roman occupation and the formation of a fiercely independent Britain in the decades following the Roman exodus. It will be followed by an intensive investigation and challenge to the founding of Kent, which according to the invasion narrative was the first seat of power in the Anglo- Saxon conquest. Finally, a comparison of settlement patterns and land management between British and Anglo-Saxon cultures will be examined to challenge the invasion narrative on a country wide scale.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- History
- Creator:
- Randle, Walt Randy
- Description:
- This thesis documents a study intended to investigate how police officers can benefit from training in the area of psychological counseling. The study examines how police departments teach officers new behaviors that might provide a new approach to adjudicating stressful non-criminal situations. The project involved conducting an inventory of Bay Area Police Programs in family crisis intervention. The results point to a need to increase specialized training in this area so that it is commensurate to the actual percentage of job performance involving stressful non-criminal situations.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Nieland, Erik
- Description:
- This thesis details the composition of a new work for wind ensemble entitled "Flurry Above the Clouds." The complete score is included in the work.
- Resource Type:
- Musical Score and Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Coley, Teresa Lynn
- Description:
- Laboratory experiments were performed to adapt a catalytic colorimetric method to continuous flow analysis for the shipboard determination of iron(III) in seawater. System parameters such as reagent concentrations, reaction temperature, flow rate, reaction coil length, pH and buffer grade were optimized to increase sensitivity and decrease background absorbance. The method is based on the catalytic effect of iron(III) on the oxidation of N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine by hydrogen peroxide, and has an optimal detection limit of 0.2 nM. Preliminary shipboard testing of the system was conducted to determine if this method would be tactically useful when applied to a near real time chemical mapping strategy. A mesoscale fertilization experiment, IronEx-1, was performed in the equatorial Pacific in October, 1993. Data were collected over a 24 hr. period following iron enrichment. Iron concentrations measured by this method compared well with those determined by an independent, semicontinuous chemiluminescence method using samples collected at the same time.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Greenwood, Sylvia Joyce
- Description:
- In public education we are faced with three realities: (1) our student population is diverse and growing in children of color; (2) children of color are the students most at risk of being caught on the negative end of the achievement gap; and (3) the adopted curriculum and instructional practices are predominately Eurocentric. There is a need to integrate culturally responsive practices to engage and promote success for our increasingly diverse student population. Critical race theory, equity pedagogy, culturally responsive pedagogy and liberation education inform the conceptual framework for this study. There is a plethora of theoretical work on culturally responsive pedagogy and a lack of work on how to implement pedagogies. The study examined the experiences of teachers attempting to implement culturally responsive practices and the role of the administrator, both as instructional leader and a co-constructor of knowledge. The participatory action research method allowed teachers to serve as co-researchers actively examining a current problem to effect change. Teachers and the administrator engaged in dynamic discourse about pedagogy, practice, and support. The data includes school district documents, surveys, classroom observations, and dialogues. The district's culturally responsive practice model included one day training and a walk-through checklist. School site staffs were asked to select two checklist areas to implement. The administrator and teachers participated in the district-mandated equity walkthroughs while simultaneously engaging in additional site-based sharing, developing and refining of culturally responsive practice.Analysis of dialogues, classroom observations and surveys revealed phases of development of culturally responsive practices at the school site. Teachers integrated students' cultural background and experience into curriculum and instruction. Teachers evaluated their ability to engage all students in learning. District leaders recognized increased student achievement scores at this site. Surveys indicated the majority of teachers did not find the District equity walkthroughs to be supportive, yet the majority of teachers indicate a high interest in continuing to implement culturally responsive pedagogy. Teachers recommend a model for culturally responsive pedagogy implementation that values teacher knowledge, teacher practices, teacher questions, teacher reflections, and co-construction of knowledge.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership
- Creator:
- Gulamhussein, Nizar
- Description:
- The main purpose of this study is to show how heroism and leadership codes can be used in conjunction with myth and drama to craft new heroic leaders in society linguistically. This can be broken into three parts. The first purpose is to outline the major symbolic representations of the hero, the leader, and heroic leadership from both mythology and discourse. This gives us a foundation of codes that allow us to define what it means to be a heroic leader. The second purpose is to frame these signs and symbols of heroic leadership into the framework of Kenneth Burke’s Dramatistic Pentad. This gives us a real world contextual relationship to the codes that surround heroic leadership, making it accessible to humans. The final purpose is to show how we may craft new myths of heroic leadership and how we can create new heroic leaders in everyday life through myth and drama.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Andrews, Nanette Nelson
- Description:
- The intent of this study was to develop and examine a school and home coordinated program to promote the reading achievement of first grade students. The specific objective was to assess a Reading Activity Kit used by first grade students at home as assisted by parents in order to determine (1) student interest in reading activities, (2) the values of the Reading Activity Kit education program to parents, (3) the values of the Reading Activity Kit program for teachers, and (4) student achievement in reading.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Johnson, Timothy J.
- Description:
- This thesis examines the symbolism in aspects of environment and other background elements in the works of Charles Dickens. Phenomena such as the weather, rural landscapes, urban landscapes, factories and machines, and fire serve as symbols that reveal Dickens's view of the human condition. The author uses insights by other scholars to provide a foundation for a larger edifice that connects these symbols to each other, to the idea of twinned moral and physical worlds across the Dickens canon, and to the larger question of how this reflects on Dickens both as a storyteller and as a social critic.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Wittet, Julie A.
- Description:
- This study used the Integrated Play Group model (Wolfberg and Schuler, 1992) to assess whether creating peer play groups for students with severe disabilities would increase the number of interactions between students with severe disabilities and their general education peers and the levels of play used by all the participants involved. Two measurement instruments were used. A pre/post measure of the levels of play for all participants was implemented using the Howes Peer Play Scale (Howes, 1980). A measure of the number of interactions between the targeted students with severe disabilities and their general education peers was implemented with the Educational Assessment of Social Interactions or EASI Scale (Goetz, Haring, & Anderson, 1986). The frequency measure was implemented in a multiple baseline, single subject design, using interventions based on student need and preference. Peer play groups were recruited before the measure began and pre data were taken. The study took place in an urban elementary school with a diverse ethnic population. The context of this study was the elementary school playground at the morning recess period, where baseline data on the frequency of interactions data collection were collected for all of the targeted students with severe disabilities. As the first student's intervention was implemented and the targeted student with severe disabilities began to increase the frequency of his interactions, the second student with severe disability's intervention was initiated. As the second targeted student's interactions began to increase, the third student's intervention began. Each student had a customized intervention based on his disability and preferences. The student's peer play group was formed with consideration for age, and activity level. As the student with severe disabilities and peers began to interact successfully, the teacher began to fade her involvement to that of observer. When two of the three students with severe disabilities were interacting independently with their peer play groups, interaction data were discontinued and post data was taken for all the participants. Results showed that all of the students with severe disabilities had increased interactions with peers, as well as decreased non-play activities and teacher interactions. All of the participants showed increased levels of play in the post data, suggesting that the use of the Integrated Play Group model (Wolfberg and Schuler, 1992) with students with severe disabilities and their peers on an elementary school playground increased the level of play for the students with and without disabilities, and increased the number of interactions between the students with severe disabilities and their peers without disabilities.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Campbell, Robert D.
- Description:
- Elevated arsenic concentrations were detected in groundwater monitoring wells and a test well boring beneath the western portion of the Livermore Valley Basin in Pleasanton, California during regular sampling events in 1997. The source of the arsenic was not known, but was suspected from saturated sediments surrounding the wells. Arsenic species arsenite, As (III), has greater toxicity and mobility than arsenate, As (V). The prevalent arsenic species within the sediment and/or groundwater was not known. Forty two soil samples were collected at approximately 50 foot intervals from two wells/borings reporting elevated arsenic concentrations (HOP-8 and HOP-9) and from two control wells in which arsenic was not detected (TH-9 and TH-11). The soil samples were sieved and representative portions of the silt and clay fractions were analyzed for particle size using a laser particle size analyzer (LPSA). Sieve and LPSA results of the soil samples revealed semi-confining to confining layers at depth within HOP-8, and HOP-9, but not within TH-9 or TH-ll. Laboratory analysis of the 42 soil samples reported elevated arsenic concentrations (up to 15 mg/kg) within soil samples collected from HOP-8 at 400 to 500 ft below ground surface (bgs). Groundwater geochemical data was available for HOP-8 and computer analysis of the inorganic water geochemistry using WATEVAL estimated pE values between 5 and 10, which were easily converted to Eh values between 0.3V and 0.5V. These values were plotted on Eh-pH diagrams, from which it was concluded that the arsenic species within the soil and groundwater was predominately arsenate, As (V). Based on the findings of this study, groundwater within semi-confined to confined aquifer zones under mildly reducing, anaerobic methanogenic conditions is most likely responsible for releasing adsorbed arsenic within iron oxides into groundwater solution. Elevated arsenic levels detected within the subsurface soil samples, mean grain size analysis, low concentrations of dissolved sulfate and dissolved iron coupled with estimated pE values, validate these findings. Although arsenate, As (V) was determined as be the dominating arsenic species within soil and groundwater samples collected at 450 ft within HOP-8, the soil samples used for this study were exposed to the atmosphere during storage at Zone 7. It is possible that the dominate arsenic species in groundwater in HOP-8 from 400 to 500 ft may be arsenite, As (III) since the soil and groundwater samples were exposed to the atmosphere during sampling and storage.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Marshall, Christopher
- Description:
- This thesis is an investigation into the treatment of the myth of the American dream in two very different works from near opposite ends of the twentieth century that illuminates the central importance of the myth in America. The author uses a Marxist framework of analysis to examine F. Scott Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby" and Carolyn Chute's "The Beans of Egypt, Maine," two different books that detail the myth of the American dream's profound influence on the psyche of their characters.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Stanley, Carl R.
- Description:
- Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106 requires that companies accrue the expenses for nonpension postretirement benefits. The focus of this thesis is to examine the impact of SFAS No. 106 on companies and their employees. Particular attention is paid to the increase in expenses for postretirement benefits and the increase in total liabilities resulting from the recognition of the obligation for postretirement benefits. My study is the first to use actual data from financial statements to assess the impact of this new ruling. Eighty three companies were included in my sample. All of these companies were early adopters of FASB Statement No. 106 (implementation is only required for fiscal years starting after December 15, 1992). T-tests were used to determine whether the increase in expenses and liabilities resulting from adoption were significant. T-tests were also used to determine the impact of several factors on the increase in expenses and total liabilities. These factors included the maturity level of the firm, the transition approach used, the actuarial assumptions used, and the funding practices used. Chi-square tests, correlation analysis and regression models were also used to find significant relationships between the variables. The impact of FASB Statement No. 106 was significant. Significant increases were found in postretirement expenses and total liabilities. The mean increase in postretirement expenses was 200% for the sample companies, while total liabilities rose 7.6%. The impact was found to be particularly harsh on immature companies, nonfunding companies and those companies that recognized the entire transition obligation immediately. Many companies have reacted to this huge increase in expenses and liabilities by cutting benefits for their employees. The ultimate victims of this accounting change may be the employees.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Holtz, Marianne L.
- Description:
- Nitrate loading is a pervasive water quality problem in the Salinas Valley due to its rich agricultural history. Row crops, including strawberries and lettuce, are grown in the area immediately surrounding the drinking water supply well that is the focus of this study. The application of fertilizers to these crops is compounded because the crops are irrigated with nutrient-rich agricultural return fed groundwater. A small-scale wastewater treatment plant is another potential source of nitrogen in the immediate vicinity of the well. The nitrate impacted drinking water supply well in this small agricultural labor cooperative community had been identified as producing water unsafe for human consumption because nitrate concentrations were well above the regulatory limit for drinking water (Maximum Contaminant Level; MCL). The nitrate impacted drinking water supply well, located in the Salinas Valley Groundwater Basin - Eastside Subarea (SVGWB-ES), was completed at a depth of 137 m under semi-confined conditions of the alluvial Paso Robles Formation. One of the goals of the study was to unravel the complex dynamics associated with local and regional source loading, recharge, and discharge, to define the source of the nitrate contamination in order to recommend best management practices into the future. The study applied an interdisciplinary approach to investigate the source of nitrate. Stable isotopes of nitrate (δ15N, δ18O-NO3) and very high nitrate concentrations indicate that inorganic fertilizer is the dominant source. The groundwater age suggests that nitrate has a ʻlegacyʼ source that began infiltrating decades ago when intensive agriculture began. Nitrate concentrations fluctuate with seasonal pumping and are strongly, inversely correlated with precipitation levels. Stable isotope ratios of water (δ18O-H2O, δ2HH2O) show two different water masses; one with an evaporative signal likely related to inflow of excess irrigation water or possibly originating from the wastewater ponds, and a second that plots along the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL). High dissolved oxygen concentrations and a lack of dissolved excess nitrogen indicate that denitrification does not occur in the saturated zone. Data were gathered from various existing sources to assess nitrogen mass balance: agricultural statistics databases, climate models, climatological databases, grower reports, research studies, water quality reports, well data and farm extension publications. In the immediate area of the San Jerardo well, the nitrogen contents of residential wastewater, synthetic fertilizer, and irrigation return water are very high and could account for the high concentrations observed in the well. The isotopic methods used here allow identification of the most likely source – synthetic fertilizers.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Aloo, Peter Mangla
- Description:
- Resource allocation to school sites in public school districts is inequitable. While Student Based Funding (SBF) has been implemented in several major urban school districts, there are few empirical studies about how SBF policies are derived and implemented. Current efforts to align resources with student need are hindered by a lack of systematic, research-based approaches to selecting and prioritizing criteria. How do district leaders determine funding criteria, weight them, and evaluate their implementation? This study analyzed criteria, data, and weighting processes used to allocate resources to schools through student based funding. Districts studied were in Cincinnati, Ohio, Seattle, Washington, San Francisco, California, and Oakland, California. Using publicly available data, the researcher performed cross-case analyses of the student criteria used to allocate resources to schools in four school districts using student based funding (SBF). The analyses borrowed three equity concepts from inter-district studies to evaluate intra-district criteria for resource allocations: horizontal equity, vertical equity, and equal educational opportunity. Criteria used were evaluated by whether they were mandated or discretionary. Findings from this study were that governance structures, budgeting, policy, and percentages of general purpose funding varied between districts, yet mandated and discretionary funding occurred after base funding was done. Weighted index values were chosen by district officials and assigned a dollar value, yet there was no evidence of how the percentages were determined. Three of the four districts budgeted for average teacher salary and weighted student needs at each school. Oakland differed by budgeting for actual teacher salaries the percentage of students with particular needs at each school. Some districts used well-established indices, but translation of indices into dollar values appeared to be based on district officials' judgment. Recommendations from this study are that district leaders a) recognize the role of governance in allocating resources, b) establish research-based decision-making processes to rank discretionary budget allocation and link funding to best practices, and c) establish systematic weighting processes that create equitable distribution of teacher salaries.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Uesugi, Isao
- Description:
- This thesis details the author's attempt to answer the question, "Whatever became of political science?"
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay
- Creator:
- Klinck, Richard C.
- Description:
- The shallow-marine San Pablo Group in the hills east of San Francisco Bay, California, was deposited while the Pacific-North American plate margin was evolving from a convergent boundary to a transform margin at this latitude in middle to late Miocene time. Field research in the East Bay Hills has helped to confirm and refine our understanding of the depositional basin that formed within the evolving transform boundary. This research has also improved our understanding of the tectonics that subsequently deformed the basin fill. This study included detailed measurement of stratigraphic sections at scales of 1:1,200 and 1:120 and geologic mapping at a scale of 1: 12,000. The stratigraphic section in the study area suggests a depositional basin evolving through time from an open-marine environment to a fluvial environment. The Monterey Group of middle Miocene sedimentary rocks, which conformably underlies the San Pablo Group, probably represents open-marine shelf deposition. They are supplanted upsection by an apparently continuous shallowing-upward sequence of San Pablo Group rocks that may represent in turn, shoreface, estuarine and tidal flat deposition. Sedimentological and paleontological evidence suggests that the San Pablo Group was deposited in a protected marine embayment sheltered from the wind and wave effects of the open ocean possibly by a highland in the approximate location of the modern San Francisco Bay. The San Pablo Group rocks are overlain by fluvial deposits of the Contra Costa Group which were deposited after continued shallowing of the basin left the area emergent. The transition from open-shelfal conditions (Monterey Group) to a restricted, shallowing basin (San Pablo Group) is interpreted as the result of local tectonism driven by the evolving transform system. There was a net fall in global sea level throughout the Miocene (Haq et al. 1987), but the thick stratigraphic section of over 4,000 feet (1,220 m) of shallow-water deposits precludes shoaling simply due to falling sea level. The basin must have been subsiding to facilitate accumulation of the thick sequence of shallow-water deposits. Apparently, high sediment influx outpaced the rate of subsidence resulting in a net shallowing of the basin by infilling. San Pablo Group rocks -5 miles (8 km) east of the study area, in the foothills on the west side of Mount Diablo, may be correlative with the rocks in the study area. No attempt has been made in this study to palinspastically correct for crustal contraction in the area or for dextral strike-slip on the Calaveras fault, which lies between the two locations. Palinspastic paleogeographic reconstructions of the San Pablo depositional basin by Buising and Walker (1995) suggested a narrow elongate embayment trending roughly northeast. Narrow, elongate basins separated by local highlands have been documented in the southern California borderland where they formed within the evolving San Andreas transform (Crowell 1974), which suggests that the San Pablo basin may have had a similar origin. Geologic mapping at a scale of 1:12,000 has revealed several previously unmapped structures, which may improve our understanding of the structural evolution of the East Bay Hills. Brittle kinematic indicators found on previously unmapped faults on Rocky Ridge suggest dextral oblique-reverse separation toward - 025°. A previously unmapped fault, which daylights on the southwest slope of Rocky Ridge (herein named the "Rocky Ridge fault"), is interpreted as a southwest-vergent reverse fault, which may be part of a palm tree structure that includes the Bollinger fault. A previously unmapped structure on Las Trampas Ridge, interpreted as an antiformal syncline, suggests that the Las Trampas fault may be a more significant structure than previously recognized. The fault appears to separate the antiformal syncline from the upright Las Trampas anticline, suggesting that a large amount of intervening structure has been removed by fault displacement to juxtapose the two dissimilar structural domains. Detailed mapping in the study area has also clarified the stratigraphic position of a tuff bed within the Upper Briones Member in the Corduroy Hills syncline. The tuff has been dated as 11.72 Ma by chemical correlation with the Rainier Mesa tuff (Perkins et al. 1998), which suggests that deposition of the San Pablo Group may actually have begun in the middle Miocene, instead of the late Miocene as interpreted by previous researchers (Ham 1958, Wagner 1978). Analysis of the structures mapped suggests that the deformation of Las Trampas and Rocky Ridges may have resulted from a single evolving episode of transpression within the East Bay Hills block. The structures in the East Bay Hills must be late Miocene or younger in age because Contra Costa Group rocks deposited about 6.5 Ma are involved in the folding (Liniecki-Laporte and Andersen 1988). The structural grain of both ridges trends -325°, suggesting an initial period of purely contractile deformation directed -055°, essentially normal to the Hayward fault. This is interpreted as the result of the contractile component of transpression, driven from the west, acting alone within the East Bay Hills block because the shear component was accommodated by strike-slip on the Hayward fault. The original 325° structural grain appears to have been overprinted by a later period of deformation which produced several faults on Las Trampas Ridge that cut the earlier-formed structure. These faults have been compared with the strain ellipse model of Wilcox et al. (1973) that predicts the orientation of subsidiary structures that result from dextral strike-slip on a nearby master fault. By aligning the strain ellipse model with the strike of the nearby Calaveras fault as the master fault, all of the faults on Las Trampas Ridge that cut the 325° structural grain can be explained as subsidiary structures driven by dextral strike-slip on the Calaveras fault. The brittle kinematic indicators of dextral oblique-reverse separation, found on Rocky Ridge, may indicate overprinting of the original contractile structures by dextral shear, driven from the east, acting in concert with a fault-normal component of contraction. The interpretation of the faults on Las Trampas Ridge as subsidiary structures driven by the Calaveras fault strongly suggests that they may be active faults because the Calaveras fault is known to be an active strand of the San Andreas fault zone. The findings of this work indicate that San Pablo Group rocks in the East Bay Hills were deposited in a tectonically active environment probably driven by the coeval migration of the Mendocino triple junction past the latitude of the study area at about 12 Ma. The basin fill was subsequently deformed sometime after about 6 Main an evolving transpressional environment that initially resulted in pure contractile strain normal to the strike of the Hayward fault. The original structures that resulted from the purely contractile deformation were then apparently overprinted by a sequence of faulting driven by dextral strain on the Calaveras fault trend. It is uncertain whether these later structures preceded or followed rupture on the Calaveras fault, but their association with this active major fault implies that they have a potential for modern movement.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- East Bay