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- Creator:
- Brown, Lee E.
- Description:
- Fully revised and updated, the third edition of Conditioning for Strength and Human Performance provides strength and conditioning students with the clearest and most accessible introduction to the scientific principles underpinning the discipline. Covering bioenergetics and nutrition, a systematic approach to physiological and endocrinological adaptations to training and the biomechanics of resistance training, no other book provides such a thorough grounding in the science of strength and conditioning or better prepares students for evidence-based practice.
- Resource Type:
- Book
- Identifier:
- 9781138218062
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Rose, Debra J.
- Description:
- Physical Activity Instruction of Older Adults, Second Edition, is the most comprehensive text available for current and future fitness professionals who want to design and implement effective, safe, and fun physical activity programs for older adults with diverse functional capabilities. Along with an updated review of the research and literature, the second edition introduces a new chapter on the concept of whole-person wellness. It offers strategies for integrating the six dimensions of whole-person wellness (physical, emotional, intellectual, vocational, spiritual, and social) into health promotion and physical activity programs for older adults. This cohesive blend of theory, practical content, and detailed instruction is divided into four parts, each of which addresses one or more of the nine training modules that comprise International Curriculum Guidelines for Preparing Physical Activity Instructors of Older Adults, the expert-developed guidelines on which this text is based: • Part I presents an overview of the physiological aspects of aging and the field of gerokinesiology to help readers understand the psychosocial and cognitive benefits derived from regular physical activity. • Part II leads readers through the process of conducting preexercise health screenings and assessments, providing meaningful feedback to clients, evaluating program outcomes, and helping clients develop short- and long-term behavioral goals. • Part III emphasizes programming principles and training methods that will facilitate the development of well-rounded and effective exercise programs. It includes specific activities for engaging older adults mentally, emotionally, socially, and spiritually along with myriad dynamic and static flexibility exercises to address joint and muscle flexibility, muscle strength, balance, mobility, endurance, and power. • Part IV focuses on the teaching, motivation, communication, and leadership skills that are necessary for creating effective and safe programs for older adults, with or without specific medical conditions.
- Resource Type:
- Book
- Identifier:
- 9781450431064
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Sanchez, Carl A.
- Description:
- This study investigated the relationship between athletes’ perceptions of coaching behaviors and how these perceptions influenced the athletes’ life skill development. Life skills are defined as the ability to effectively communicate, make good decisions, problem solve, set and achieve desired goals, assume leadership roles, and manage time efficiently (Danish, Petitpas, & Hale 1993). The participants in this study were female college basketball players (n = 84) ranging in age from 18 – 25 years old. All participants completed the Youth Experience Survey – 2.0 that assessed their positive and negative experiences during sport participation. They also completed the Coaching Behavior Survey for Sports that measured various coaching behaviors and actions. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that the athletes reported several particular coaching behaviors that significantly influenced their personal development. These findings suggest that the coaching behaviors perceived by the athletes during instruction of “physical training and conditioning,” “technical skills,” and “goal setting,” led to personal experiences that influenced the athletes’ individual life skill development. During these training experiences, the athletes reported positive personal growth regarding the ability to regulate their temper, fear, anxiety, and stress; work in groups; and identifying with the social dynamics of sports participation. They also reported being inspired to identify, set, and achieve goals. Upon examining their interpersonal behaviors, the athletes reflected on how these behaviors influenced their outlook on life, social dynamics, and personal environment.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Blanchard, Erin H.
- Description:
- The population of older adults in the United States is rapidly increasing. Falls are a major health concern among the older adult population, and there is an increasing need for more theory-driven fall risk reduction programs that are multifactorial, effective, and inexpensive. The Stay Well At Home (SWAH) program was a 16-week, in-home multifactorial fall risk reduction program that was implemented by trained lay facilitators. The development of this intervention was guided by the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine the efficacy of SWAH program as a multifactorial program, to determine its effectiveness as a HAPA-guided intervention, and also to inform further program development of the SWAH program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of SWAH recipients (N=15) at the conclusion of the 8-week in-home phase of the program. The purpose of the interviews was to learn about participant experiences with the program and changes they may have observed in themselves. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then thematically analyzed. Themes were also related back to HAPA constructs. The major themes reported by SWAH recipients included an overall increase in fall protective behaviors (100%) as well as improvement in gait (80%), balance (73%), and physical performance (53%). Recipients also responded positively to the SWAH program content and structure. Common barriers for SWAH recipients were health and motivation barriers (73%) and taking the time to exercise (67%). Analysis of the main themes in this study suggest that SWAH was effective at implementing the HAPA model with the exception of successfully implementing action planning activities. The SWAH program was perceived by the interviewed participants as effective in reducing overall fall risk and was fairly successful as a HAPA-guided intervention. Further, it was well received and viewed as beneficial by many SWAH recipients.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Chavoya, Frank A.
- Description:
- Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder caused by a deletion of the paternal chromosome 15. PWS is characterized by increased body fat, hypotonia, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, motor and cognitive disabilities, and hyperphagia, potentially resulting in obesity. This study measured and compared the amount of calories spent while walking in PWS and controls. Participants included 8 children with PWS (7 were on growth hormone replacement therapy [GHRT], mean age = 11.1±0.8 y; body mass = 44.7±11.7 kg; height = 147.8±8.2 cm; body fat = 37.2±11.4 %; lean mass = 26.4±4.3 kg), 9 lean children (mean age = 9.8±2.0 y; body mass = 35.4±11.3 kg; height = 142.9±20.5 cm; body fat = 22.2±8.6 %; lean mass = 25.5±11.6 kg), and 10 obese children (mean age = 10.6±1.1 y; body mass = 62.1±14.6 kg; height = 151.1±9.6 cm; body fat = 44.4±3.7 %; lean mass = 33.3±5.1 kg). Lean body mass (LBM) and fat mass (FM) were measured with dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Participants walked for three 5-minute bouts on a treadmill at 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mph, with a 6-minute seated rest period in between speeds. Expired gases were analyzed for minutes 4-5 of each speed. There were no group by time interactions for any of the variables of interest. PWS had a higher VO2 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 than obese (p = 0.041), but similar to lean (p = 1.000); PWS exhibited a greater caloric expenditure in kcal·kg-1 ·min-1 than obese (p = 0.028), but similar to lean (p = 1.000). No other differences were found among the PWS and control groups during walking for VO2 when expressed in L·min-1 or ml·kgLMB-1 ·min-1, caloric expenditure when expressed in kcal/min or kcal·kgLBM-1 ·min-1, or metabolic equivalents. The results of this study suggest that children with PWS are spending similar calories as lean controls of comparable body mass while walking. Thus, the difference in body fat does not appear to affect calories spent doing the same absolute work in PWS.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Mccaffrey, Sean
- Description:
- Low back pathologies are some of the most prevalent in western society. Two factors that have shown to influence low back pain are sitting and lifting; however, little research has identified how sitting effects muscle activation during these tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prolonged sitting on muscle activation and muscle involvement of the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), erector spinae (ES) and gluteus maximus (GM) muscles during a lifting task. Twenty-one recreationally active males (24 ± 2 years, 1.80 ± 0.06 m, 81.0 ± 12.50 kg, 25.16 ± 3.34 kg/m2 ) completed 5 lifts with a 22.68 kg crate before and after two hours of sitting. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activation during the concentric and eccentric phases of the lifts. Muscle activation ratios were calculated for each muscle during the lift. No significant differences were found in muscle activation ratios (p > 0.05) post sitting. There were no significant differences in RMS EMG for the GM, ES, and RF (p > 0.05) muscles; however, the BF muscle decreased 17% (p = 0.046) during the eccentric phase of the lift. Prolonged sitting significantly decreases muscle activation of the BF muscle. Therefore, altered pathologies could be expected in populations that sit for two hours or more.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Smith, Melinda
- Description:
- Gymnastics is a complex and progressive sport that is popular all over the world. Risk of injury is high due to the demands of training year round and increasing the difficulty of skills year after year. Research has focused on injury rates, but has not identified specific methods to identify risk and prevent injury in gymnastics. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a tool that has shown efficacy in predicting injury in various populations. However, no research has used the FMS to predict injuries in gymnasts. This study performed the FMS on gymnasts training levels 7-10. Thirty-one gymnasts, ages 10-18, agreed to participate in this study and were screened with the FMS. Participants were tracked for 4.5 months. Two left the study during the first month and were not included in the data. Injuries were tracked during the participant’s pre and regular season. No significant differences were found between injured and non-injured gymnasts in relation to the overall and individual FMS tests. Surprisingly, injured gymnasts scored better on the FMS (mean = 15.00±3.25) compared to the non-injured gymnasts (mean = 13.61±1.97). Differences were found between level 7 and level 9 gymnasts for mean overall FMS score (level 7 = 16.17±1.33, level 9 = 12.37±2.77, p<0.05) and the trunk stability push up between levels 7 (2.67±0.82) and 9 (0.75±1.34) and levels 8 (2.62±1.06) and 9 (0.75±1.34). The results from this study suggest that the FMS cannot predict injury in gymnastics. However, it may be a useful tool to track changes in functional movement as gymnasts progress through the levels of gymnastics. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Bathgate, Katie
- Description:
- Variation in physiological characteristics and performance ability between individuals depends on environmental influence and genetics. By using monozygous twins with different exercise training backgrounds, we are able to control for genetics to better comprehend the impact of exercise on physiological features and performance variables. One pair of male monozygous twins participated in this study. The trained twin (TT) had a 35-year history of training and competing in endurance sports. The untrained twin (UT) had not participated in regular or structured physical training since high school (~35 years ago). Both participants underwent a battery of physical tests for body composition, bone density, flexibility, lung capacity, strength, power, endurance performance (VO2max), and anaerobic performance (Wingate). The greatest differences between participants were found for body composition, strength, and aerobic capacity. UT produced more peak torque (254 Nm vs. 137 Nm, 59.9% difference) and had greater grip strength (right hand=56.5 vs. 44.3kg, 24.2% difference; left hand=51.7 vs. 43.7kg, 16.8% difference). However, UT had a lower absolute (3.67 vs. 4.66 L/min, 23.9% difference) and relative (35.1 vs. 47.5 ml/kg/m, 30.1% difference) VO2max. UT also had a higher body fat percentage (BF%) (27.8% vs. 19.2%, 36.6% difference). In conclusion, long-term endurance training positively influenced VO2max and body composition, but was associated with lower isometric leg extensor and handgrip strength.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Ros, Taylor
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the PAP effect of kettlebell swings versus kettlebell jump squats on countermovement jump performance. The participants in this study were 7 female Division 1 basketball players (age = 19.14±1.86y, height = 172.21±10.46cm, mass = 70.56±7.25kg). A kettlebell that was 20% of the participant’s body mass was used for the conditioning activities, kettlebell swings (KBS) or kettlebell jump squats (KBJ). Three visits were completed to test each condition: control, KBS, KBJ. Participants completed 3 base line CMJs, then proceeded to the conditioning activity. The conditioning activity consisted of 5 repetitions followed by 1 minute rest, followed by 5 repetitions, then 3 minutes of rest before performing 3 CMJs. ANOVA tests indicated no significant interactions or main effects for any variable in CMJ performance. Although no significant differences were found, future research should examine the acute effects of these exercises with different critical variable manipulations.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Drouet, Phillip C.
- Description:
- Exercise has been used as a method to achieve, maintain, and improve health, fitness, and sport performance. Furthermore, it is often prescribed to treat, manage, or prevent the onset of hypertension. This may be more important for individuals that have a resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) categorized by the American Heart Association as prehypertensive (PHT). Aerobic exercise leads to a post-exercise reduction in SBP and DBP compared to rest, called post-exercise hypotension (PEH), however, it is unknown whether upper (UBRE) and lower body resistance exercise (LBRE) in isolation results in similar reductions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of PEH between upper and lower body resistance exercises in normotensive (NT) and PHT individuals. Twenty-three recreationally trained PHT males (age = 24.4±3.5yrs.; ht = 176.2±7.7cm; mass = 86.6±20.9kg) performed UBRE (bench press, lat pull down, seated shoulder press) and LBRE (back squat, leg curl, knee extension) in a counterbalanced fashion (4 sets of 6 repetitions at 75% 1-RM with 2 minutes rest between sets, and 1 minute rest between exercise) on 2 separate days followed by 60 minutes of quiet seated rest. Blood pressure (BP) was measured immediately post exercise and every 10 minutes for 60 minutes thereafter. For SBP and DBP there was condition x time interaction where SBP and DBP were lower at different time points for UBRE and LBRE. Also no differences were seen between NT and PHT. Similar effects of PEH occur with UBRE and LBRE between NT and PHT populations.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Leyva, Whitney
- Description:
- Strength coaches are searching for the best way to train their athletes to be bigger, faster, and stronger in order to increase performance. A unique form of power training is to try and invoke a postactivation potentiation (PAP). PAP is based on the premise of performing a heavy resistance exercise followed by a power exercise, resulting in increased power performance. Back squats (BS) are normally used, but a less researched tool is the hex bar deadlift. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the potentiating effects of the back squat vs. HBDL on vertical jump performance. Ten resistance-trained men (age=22.15±2.66yrs, ht=178.10±7.20cm, mass=78.91±8.67kg) volunteered to participate and performed 3 pre countermovement jumps (CMJ) then 3 repetitions of BS or HBDL at 85% 1RM. To perform the CMJ, subjects jumped with arm swing on a force plate. The BS was performed with a standard barbell in a power rack with a safety squat device to insure a quad parallel position. The HBDL was performed using the low handles without straps. Following the BS or HBDL, subjects rested 8 minutes then performed 3 post CMJ. A control condition consisted of 3 pre CMJ, 8 minutes of standing rest, then 3 post CMJ. For jump height, there was an interaction of condition x time where the control and squat conditions resulted in a significant decrease in post vertical jump with no difference in deadlift. Manipulation of critical variables determines PAP outcomes. PAP is highly individualized and training experience of the subjects may have been too low to demonstrate increased performance.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Record, Shaina
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to examine intra-individual arousal and anxiety fluctuation and their association with performance in two different military-based challenges in collegiate ROTC cadets (aged 22.78 ± 3.49). Arousal and performance data were collected from 20 male cadets who performed in a military-task competition in order to earn a German Armed Forces Badge (GAFB). Data were collected from the pistol shoot and swim competitions, with arousal measured via salivary cortisol level, and anxiety measured using state scores from the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Using binary logistic regression analyses, no relationships were found between changes in the arousal and anxiety measures and performance of ROTC cadets on the militarybased challenges. It is hypothesized that these findings are specific to the population, and that in more experienced populations the relationship would have been different. Variables that likely interfered with a potential relationship between arousal/anxiety and performance in these cadets included, but were not limited to, experience, time of day of the competitions, diet, hydration, wakening time, and sleep.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
13. Isometric Strength between Olympic and Hexagonal Barbells and Relationship to Countermovement Jump
- Creator:
- Malyszek, Kylie
- Description:
- The hexagonal barbell is a commonly used implement for strength and power development. However, as it is a relatively novel tool, little is known of the performance differences between a hexagonal (hex) bar and an Olympic bar. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare isometric performance between hex bar and Olympic bar at the mid-thigh and deadlift position. Isometric performance was then compared to dynamic performance via countermovement jump. Twenty resistance trained men (age = 24.05 ± 2.09 years, ht = 178.07 ± 7.05 cm, mass = 91.42 ± 14.44kg) volunteered to participate. Participants performed isometric mid-thigh pulls (MTP) and isometric deadlifts (DL) utilizing the Olympic bar (OL) and both low (LH) and high (HH) handles on the hex bar. Isometric performance was then compared to dynamic countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Joint angle was recorded for all pulls and the countermovement portion of the jump. MTP force variables were greater than DL for all lifts, with the only difference between bars seen at RFD 50ms, where HH produced greater RFD than LH. MTP joint angles were more extended than DL angles, and the strongest correlation between isometric and dynamic performance was seen between DL PGRF and CMJ impulse. The findings are likely due to the biomechanical characteristics of the MTP and DL as well as the similarity in joint angle between the DL and CMJ positions.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Gulick, Colleen
- Description:
- The purpose of the study was to examine the MMG amplitude and mean power frequency vs. torque relationships during isometric muscle actions in women with higher vs. lower muscular strength. Eighteen women volunteered to perform isometric leg extensions at varying submaximal percentages and 100% of their maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) on a HUMAC NORM isokinetic dynamometer. The women were classified into lower strength (n = 10; 21.8 ± 2.5 y, 164.3 ± 6.7 cm, 58.2 ± 7.9 kg) and higher strength (n = 8; 22.5 ± 2.3 y, 165.4 ± 4.4 cm, 71.7 ± 10.6 kg) groups based on their isometric MVC values (lower = 98.4 ± 18.3 Nm, higher = 162.8 ± 26.1 Nm). An accelerometer (EGAS-S704-10_Rev C) was placed over the vastus lateralis to detect the MMG amplitude (expressed as root mean square, RMS) and frequency (expressed as mean power frequency, MPF). Torque (Nm) was recorded by the dynamometer. Polynomial regression analyses indicated the relationship for normalized MMG amplitude vs. isometric MVC was quadratic for the lower strength group (R 2 = 0.989) and linear for the higher strength group (R 2 = 0.917). The MMG amplitude of lower strength women increased most between 60 and 100% MVC. For MMG MPF, the relationships were linear for both lower (R 2 = 0.495) and higher strength women (R 2 = 0.824). In conclusion, the different torque-related responses for MMG amplitude for lower vs. higher strength women likely reflected differences in absolute torque, and thus muscle stiffness, between groups.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Gordon, Brian
- Description:
- There is little research on the effects of foot orthotics on cycling kinematics and hip muscle electromyography. This study investigated the effects of longitudinal arch support and forefoot varus wedges on cycling kinematics and hip electromyography in a sample of trained cyclists, and whether hip muscle activity was correlated with orthotic support. Twenty-two trained cyclists (mean cycling hours = 12 ± 2.83 per week for past 12 weeks) performed four randomized trials with variations of orthotic support while kinematic and electromyography data were collected. Kinematic variables explored were knee valgus angle and tibial internal rotation. Gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae, and vastus medialis electromyography data were also collected. Knee valgus angles were significantly less in the arch support+wedge condition than the control (p = 0.022) and arch support (p = 0.046) conditions. Gluteus medius activation was significantly greater in condition control versus wedge (p = 0.011) and arch support+wedge conditions (p = 0.037). Vastus medialis activation was significantly greater in control condition versus wedge (p = 0.031), arch support (p = 0.05), and arch support+wedge (p = 0.013) conditions. The arch support+wedge trial led to a significant reduction in knee abduction; there was no significant correlation in peak muscle activation between examined hip muscles (r(20) = 0.118, p > 0.05). Results in this study suggest that adding supportive orthotics to cycling footwear may help reduce valgus collapse at the knee which has been associated with knee overuse injuries.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
16. The Effects of Short-duration, Maximal Exercise on Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (scat2) Score
- Creator:
- Degracia, Jordan Paul
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to examine the effects of short duration, high-intensity exertion on neurocognitive functioning, as measured by the SCAT2. Thirty-four subjects (24 males & 10 females: mean ± SD age = 24.4 ± 2.5 years, height = 173.5 ± 8.0 cm, mass = 74.8 ± 13.5 kg) free of lower were tested. A baseline SCAT2 was completed. A Wingate fatigue protocol was administered and a randomized follow-up SCAT2 test was completed either 3 min or 10 min post-Wingate. A second Wingate was administered and a third follow-up SCAT2 was completed. Differences were determined with nine 1 x 3 (baseline, 3 min post-Wingate, and 10 min post-Wingate) ANOVAs with repeated measures. A 30 s Wingate test negatively influenced Total SCAT2 Scores for rest periods: 3 min post-Wingate (p = 0.00) and 10 min post-Wingate (p = 0.00). Symptom Score significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.05) for both measurement times 3 min post-Wingate and 10 min post-Wingate. Symptom Severity Score significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) for both measurement times 3 min post-Wingate and 10 min post-Wingate. In conclusion, acute maximal exercise decreased total SCAT2 score, following both a 3 min and 10 min rest period. This Total SCAT2 Score decline was due to a decline in Symptom Score, a component of the Total SCAT2 composite score. Subjects also reported increased Symptom Severity, which is part of the SCAT2 concussion evaluation, but does not contribute to the Total SCAT2 Score.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Hamamoto, Sarah K.
- Description:
- Group exercise classes are a common way for individuals to be physically active, but due to the highly evaluative nature of these exercise settings, there is a negative psychological effect on one’s physique and/or figure that may be prohibiting future involvement, as known as social physique anxiety (SPA). Psychological climate (PC) reflects how meaningful and safe an environment is to an individual and has been previously related to SPA and SPEE. The purpose of this thesis was to examine how PC may influence experiences of SPA and self-presentation in exercise settings. It was hypothesized that the participants in an enriched PC environment would experience less SPA and more positive self-presentations than in a minimal PC environment during an aerobics exercise class. Participants (N = 80) were recruited from undergraduate kinesiology courses and were randomly assigned to one of the climate conditions: minimal and enriched. The manipulation of the different climates occurred through behavior of instructors and confederates. Multiple independent t tests were conducted that showed no significant differences between the climates groups and SPA (Cohen’s d = 0.11, p =.359) and SPEE (Cohen’s d =0.36, p = .162). However, the PC manipulation appeared to be successful with a significant difference for four of the five subscales (Cohen’s d = 0.47 – 0.64, p < .05). These findings suggest that while PC was manipulated, the manipulation may not have been sufficient to stimulate a change in SPA and SPEE.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Escobar, Alexandra
- Description:
- The purpose of this study is to determine whether female athletes change their dietary habits during the premenstrual phase compared to the mid-proliferative phase of their menstrual cycle. The researcher also wanted to examine the effect of premenstrual symptom (PMS) on eating habits during the premenstrual phase and the mid-proliferative phase. Female collegiate athletes experience above average stress on their bodies. Having an inadequate diet can cause many detriments to the health and performance of the female athlete. The participants were 30 female collegiate athletes from a NCAA Division I school. The completed data was obtained in 25 of the consenting athletes. The female athletes were between the ages of 18-22 years old. The participants had a mean body mass of 68.57 kg, and a mean stature of 1.69 m. Of the 25 participants, 24% (n = 6) were categorized as having PMS and 76% (n = 19) did not show signs of PMS The study did not demonstrate significant differences for dietary intake for all athletes between the premenstrual phase in comparison to the mid-proliferative phase of their cycle. Additionally, there were no significant differences in nutritional intake between the PMS and the non-PMS groups in either phases when comparing grain, sugar, fat, vegetables, and fruit. The only significant difference obtained between the PMS and the non-PMS groups during the premenstrual phase was protein intake.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
19. The Struggle for Reconciliation: The United States, Anti-apartheid Politics, and the Olympic Games.
- Creator:
- Jones, Tanya Kathleen
- Description:
- On April 24, 1968, Avery Brundage, president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), announced that South Africa would not be permitted to participate in the 1968 Mexico Olympic Games. This decision was made due South Africa’s prevailing apartheid policies, which prohibited the creation of racially mixed South African teams, and even outlawed direct international competition against racially mixed teams from other countries. This transformed the Olympic Movement into a battlefield of political agendas and presented a problem for international sport federations such as the IOC that were founded on the fundamental principle that sport should be available to all irrespective of race and ethnicity, gender, religion, or political affiliation. A number of United States organizations, administrators, and private citizens sympathized with IOC president, Avery Brundage and the IOC’s predicament. Some, like Douglas Roby, president of the United States Olympic Committee and a United States representative to the IOC, even pledged their full support for South Africa’s inclusion in the Games by emphasizing his desire to keep politics and sports separate. Like Brundage, Roby argued that if South Africa were to be expelled based on its governmental policies, the Olympic Movement would be doomed to failure. The official decision in 1968 to expel South Africa from the Games would intertwine South African politics and the Olympic Games for the next 24 years.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
20. Lifting the Bar: A History of Inclusion, Empowerment and the Rise of Women's Olympic Weightlifting
- Creator:
- Rodriguez, Paulina
- Description:
- On November 14, 1996, the Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC) and the Executive Board of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) met in Cancun, Mexico to discuss an array of administrative and participatory issues regarding the upcoming Sydney Olympic Games. On the agenda in Cancun was one issue that had persistently afflicted the Olympic Movement for over a century: gender inequality. Based on prevailing pseudo-scientific theories of physical vulnerability, as well as the founder of the Olympic Movement Pierre de Coubertin’s own patriarchal attitudes towards female athleticism, women were originally excluded from Olympic competition. Despite decades of intensive lobbying and the gradual dismantling of the walls of exclusion, female athletes still fell short of full equality in the Olympic arena. Weightlifting, for instance, remained open only to men. The Cancun meeting helped change this situation. The IOC Executive Board, boasting the full support of the ANOC, voted on the inclusion of women weightlifters into the Olympic program.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
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