In the state of California, new teachers have two years to complete Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) through a university or a school district. Many districts opt to run their own BTSA program because it gives them more power to insert . . .

The growth of online school programs has continued at a staggering rate in recent years as schools and districts try to offer a more personalized educational experience to meet the needs of their diverse student populations. The need for administrator . . .

Every year, millions of scrap tires are either discarded in huge piles across the landscape or dumped in landfills in large volumes all over the world. These tire piles cause environmental pollution while posing fire and health hazards. Being volumetr . . .

This paper presents the results of a study, whose aim was to determine the undrained shear strength at different over-consolidation ratios, which is a very important parameter to evaluate the stability of natural and man-made slopes in soft clay. The . . .

Global warming is a big concern these days all over the world including in the USA. It has said to trigger landslides all over the world every year due to the global warming. Landslides can damage the structures and block roads and rivers that require . . .

Ostrea lurida’s potential role as a foundation species has not been explored, so little is understood about ecosystem services produced by ongoing restoration efforts for the United States’ only native oyster species on the west coast. Further, the ef . . .

This study investigated the relationship between athletes’ perceptions of coaching behaviors and how these perceptions influenced the athletes’ life skill development. Life skills are defined as the ability to effectively communicate, make good decisi . . .

Long-term studies of animal ranging ecology are critical to understanding how animals utilize their habitat across space and time. Although gelada monkeys (Theropithecus gelada) inhabit an unusual, high altitude habitat that presents unique ecological . . .

The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between perceived physical attractiveness and counterproductive workplace behavior. The main hypothesis was that the more physically attractive an employee rated himself/herself to be, t . . .

Adult California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, spawn on sandy beaches during spring high tides. Embryos develop within the sand enclosed in the chorion, which must be strong enough to protect the embryo but also allow rapid hatching. Grunion embryos are . . .

This mixed methods study analyzes the emergence of a recent learning theory—heutagogy—and studies its relevance to classroom teachers in terms of 21st-century skills and the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). There is a lack of understanding within t . . .

The majority of Americans endorse egalitarian views, however our society is still plagued by prejudice and discrimination. (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2000). Unfortunately, great disparities exist in the treatment of individuals based on race/ethnicity, gend . . .

Based on previous studies, ground reinforcement methods such as stone columns, jet grouting, dynamic compaction, soil cement mixing, etc. are commonly used against potential liquefaction, settlement and to improve the bearing capacity of soil. However . . .

The student movement in California has influenced the direction of public higher education since the Free Speech Movement in the 1960s. Students have largely been ignored within the historical narrative despite directly affecting the progress of Calif . . .

Technology hardware and software are becoming increasingly available for use in the classroom. Even so, its effectiveness for learning new concepts in mathematics must be verified. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not middle schoo . . .

The population of older adults in the United States is rapidly increasing. Falls are a major health concern among the older adult population, and there is an increasing need for more theory-driven fall risk reduction programs that are multifactorial, . . .

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder caused by a deletion of the paternal chromosome 15. PWS is characterized by increased body fat, hypotonia, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, motor and cognitive disabilities, and hyperphagia, pot . . .

The period between 472 A.D. and 510 A.D. was one of institutional uncertainty for the Catholic Church. The Western Roman Emperor was deposed and the position left vacant. The governing of Italy fell on Germanic warlords, both subordinate to and indepe . . .

The theory of Aversive Racism is often used to explain the contemporary prejudice being displayed towards racial minority defendants in the U.S. criminal court system. This form of contemporary racism is characterized by its subtleties; the aversive r . . .

Rocky intertidal grazers with similar morphologies and ecological habitats likely compete for food and space. Two intertidal limpets Lottia scabra and L. conus (Gastropoda: Lottidae), are alike in their morphology and overlap in range in southern Cali . . .

The present study contributes to the sociology of health and illness by applying Link and Phelan’s theory of fundamental causes of disease to the study of language competence and health. The study answers the following research question: How does bein . . .

The present study contributes to the sociology of health and illness by applying Link and Phelan’s theory of fundamental causes of disease to the study of language competence and health. The study answers the following research question: How does bein . . .

Tsunami are a very real natural hazard for coastal Southern California; however, there are no geological records of past tsunami occurrence to determine their frequency and magnitude. For this study, a combination of five sedimentological analyses (se . . .

In the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the D1 protein, which is the main electron acceptor of photosystem II, is encoded by the chloroplastic psbA gene. Translation of D1 is regulated by a set of nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins . . .

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a crucial protein involved with cholesterol homeostasis and is a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Apomine and simvastatin are potent cholesterol-reducing compounds that mediates their actions through inhibition o . . .

The first half of the 20th century marked a period of rapid growth in Los Angeles. Across the United States professional city planners attempted to transform major cities. Los Angeles experimented with several plans but many women came to the city arm . . .

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of students who were nearing completion of the noncredit ESL class sequence offered at their institutions and to examine how and if their experiences influenced their decision-making process . . .

This thesis explored the identity management and identity negotiation processes in interfaith marital communication. Sixteen marital partners participated in this study. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, interpreted, and analyzed. Guided by Identi . . .

The purpose of this content analysis is to examine representations and use of racialized and coded language in print media sources between August 9, 2014 and December 6, 2014 about the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri. The analysis incl . . .

This study explored the effects of interviewers’ emotions in a mock interrogation context. Prior research reveals that emotional states can either hinder or improve information processing and decision-making. For example, studies show that a sad, but . . .

Low back pathologies are some of the most prevalent in western society. Two factors that have shown to influence low back pain are sitting and lifting; however, little research has identified how sitting effects muscle activation during these tasks. T . . .

MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical systems) gyroscopes are widely used as an inertial measurement unit in different industrial applications. MEMS are the device that combines mechanical and electrical components on a small silicon wafer with components si . . .

This study explores the relationship between negative religious coping (NRC) and symptoms of depression and anxiety in Arab American adolescents, an under-researched topic in an under-researched population. The data were provided by a previous study t . . .

The purpose of this study was 1) to measure fruit yield of navel orange trees and the plants’ physiological responses to regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and 2) to determine if plant-based measures, including stem water potentials (stem), sap flow . . .

In higher education, the population of students with disabilities has more than tripled in the last three decades; however, they continue to have low rates of persistence, retention, and degree completion (National Council of Disability, 2003; Wagner, . . .

The electronics industry has remarkably evolved. The new technology of power film resistors has helped shrink equipment size and minimize cost. The manufacturing parameters that affect power resistors’ key capabilities are the temperature coefficient . . .

California has experienced significant climate change from the onset of the Miocene (~23Ma) to the present. The impact of past climate change is often recorded in the fossil record, and can be revealed by studying how ecological communities change thr . . .

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition most prevalent in women, particularly over the age of 50. Chronic conditions, including pain, affect more than half of adults over 65. Such conditions can contribute to functional limitations that lead to . . .

This study examines the relationship between previous work experience and alcohol use after retirement. Stress-coping theory and role theory suggest that major life transitions can contribute to changes in alcohol consumption, but most investigations . . .

This study explores the experiences of single Mexican American women who have chosen to remain single. I explore the question: How do Mexican American women understand singlehood and how has their experience of taking on a nonnormative gender role imp . . .

Atmospheric aerosol particles impact global climate indirectly by forming clouds that interact with solar radiation. The aerosol interaction with water is dependent on the particle composition and composition can change via reactions in the atmosphere . . .

The Fullerton Ontological Confusion (FOC) scale was constructed to address the issues of inconsistent theory and inadequate measurement regarding paranormal, superstitious, magical, and supernatural (PSMS) beliefs. For the FOC scale, PSMS beliefs were . . .

That members of the nobility in pre-modern Europe were occasionally cruel is no secret. However, the French marshal Gilles de Rais (d. 1440) and the Hungarian countess Elizabeth Bathory (d. 1614) represent something more than nobles behaving badly. Th . . .

Newcomers to America bring with them unique cultures, values, customs, and languages. Although accepted and welcomed, these newcomers are expected to assimilate into the American way of life, and learning English is part of that assimilation. The effe . . .

Evolutionary trees present hypotheses of the relationships among taxa. Some undergraduate biology students have trouble properly interpreting relationships on these trees; instead of using the most recent common ancestor (MRCA), many students use alte . . .

University students evaluated actions in moral scenarios in which a decision had to be made about whether to kill one person to save the lives of a larger number of people. Each participant rated both how right and how wrong they felt this action woul . . .

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common eye disease that could lead to irreversible vision loss but hard to be noticed by carriers in early stages. On the path of recognizing DR stages by multi-scale color uniform local binary pattern in retinopathy ima . . .

Many immigrant Nigerian women make the life changing decision to study in American higher education institutions in order to empower and improve their socio-economic status (Ojo, 2009). However, there is a paucity of research on immigrant African wome . . .

Few qualitative studies exist about college students with mental health challenges and how they succeed and persist in college. Previous studies of college students with mental health challenges have largely been conducted using quantitative measures. . . .

Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, a common etiologic agent of severe nosocomial infections in compromised hosts, usually harbors aac(6’)-Ib. This gene codes for an aminoglycoside acetyltransferase that modifies amikacin and other aminoglyco . . .