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- Creator:
- Moua, Cha
- Description:
- Long-term studies of animal ranging ecology are critical to understanding how animals utilize their habitat across space and time. Although gelada monkeys (Theropithecus gelada) inhabit an unusual, high altitude habitat that presents unique ecological challenges, no long-term studies of their ranging behavior have been conducted. To close this gap, I investigated the daily path length (DPL), annual home ranges (95%), and annual core areas (50%) of a band of ~220 wild gelada monkeys at Guassa, Ethiopia, from January 2007 to December 2011 (for total of n = 785 full-day follows). I estimated annual home ranges and core area using the fixed kernel reference (FK REF) and smoothed cross-validation (FK SCV) bandwidths, and the minimum convex polygon (MCP) method. Both annual home range (MCP - 2007: 5.9 km2 ; 2008: 8.6 km2 ; 2009: 9.2 km2 ; 2010: 11.5 km2 ; 2011: 11.6 km2 ) and core area increased over the 5-year study period. The MCP and FK REF generated broadly consistent, though slightly larger estimates that contained areas in which the geladas were never observed. All three methods omitted one to 19 sleeping sites from the home range depending on the year. Thus, neither the MCP nor fixed kernel estimators were more accurate than the other. Similarly, mean annual DPL (± SE m) increased over the study period (2007: 2,848±57 m; 2008: 3,339±65 m; 2009: 3,272±72 m; 2010: 3,835±80 m; 2011: 4,100±86 m). In general, the geladas showed remarkable variation in daily, monthly, and annual DPL. I also investigated the effects of movement across uneven topography on DPL, and I discuss the ecological implications of these findings. I compare the ranging behavior of geladas at Guassa to (a) geladas at other study sites, (b) to Papio (baboon) species, (c) to both terrestrial and arboreal primates, and (d) to grazing ungulates. The extensive interannual variability in ranging patterns in this study demonstrates the importance of longterm monitoring for wild nonhuman primates and its implications for conservation policy.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Anthropology
432. Predicting Life Skill Development from Coaching Behaviors for Female College Basketball Players
- Creator:
- Sanchez, Carl A.
- Description:
- This study investigated the relationship between athletes’ perceptions of coaching behaviors and how these perceptions influenced the athletes’ life skill development. Life skills are defined as the ability to effectively communicate, make good decisions, problem solve, set and achieve desired goals, assume leadership roles, and manage time efficiently (Danish, Petitpas, & Hale 1993). The participants in this study were female college basketball players (n = 84) ranging in age from 18 – 25 years old. All participants completed the Youth Experience Survey – 2.0 that assessed their positive and negative experiences during sport participation. They also completed the Coaching Behavior Survey for Sports that measured various coaching behaviors and actions. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that the athletes reported several particular coaching behaviors that significantly influenced their personal development. These findings suggest that the coaching behaviors perceived by the athletes during instruction of “physical training and conditioning,” “technical skills,” and “goal setting,” led to personal experiences that influenced the athletes’ individual life skill development. During these training experiences, the athletes reported positive personal growth regarding the ability to regulate their temper, fear, anxiety, and stress; work in groups; and identifying with the social dynamics of sports participation. They also reported being inspired to identify, set, and achieve goals. Upon examining their interpersonal behaviors, the athletes reflected on how these behaviors influenced their outlook on life, social dynamics, and personal environment.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Kinesiology
- Creator:
- Walker, Kimberly Mae
- Description:
- Ostrea lurida’s potential role as a foundation species has not been explored, so little is understood about ecosystem services produced by ongoing restoration efforts for the United States’ only native oyster species on the west coast. Further, the effectiveness of different techniques for restoring Olympia oyster beds has not been systematically evaluated. The most common technique is augmenting available habitat by adding dead shell onto mudflats and allowing remnant oysters to seed the shell with spat; shell has been added at varying thicknesses, either consolidated in bags or simply placed loose onto the mudflat. Here, I explored the effects of different combinations of Olympia oyster restoration techniques (varying the thickness of constructed shell beds using loose versus bagged oyster shell) on invertebrate abundance, diversity, and community composition. Twenty-five oyster beds were established in Newport Bay, Orange County, California in June 2010. Five beds were not augmented with any shell and were used as control plots. The other twenty beds were randomly assigned to be constructed using dead oyster shell at thicknesses of 12 cm or 4 cm using shell bagged in jute or loose shell (n= 5 replicates per treatment). Visual inspection of MDS plots and results from ANOSIM indicated after one year a significant shift in community composition of the oyster beds versus the control plots, with trends in differences of the thick beds and thin-bagged beds. However, the density of most invertebrate species changed over time and bagging of the shell in some cases also mattered. Amphipods, polychaetes and oligochaetes all declined significantly on some treatment plots over the study period, but not because of shell enhancements. Bivalves, gastropods and isopods all increased over the study period with trends towards increases on the thicker beds and thin-bagged beds, although insignificant. Results could inform future restoration efforts for this species and establish ecosystem services provided by O. lurida as a foundation species.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Creator:
- Woli, Hari
- Description:
- Global warming is a big concern these days all over the world including in the USA. It has said to trigger landslides all over the world every year due to the global warming. Landslides can damage the structures and block roads and rivers that require much effort and finances to repair. On 11 March 2011, an earthquake with magnitude 9.0 (Mw) occurred in Tohoku, Japan. Approximately 15,893 people were killed, 6,152 people were injured and much of the infrastructure was damaged. Hundreds of landslides occurred at that time. Recently, an earthquake with magnitude 7.8 occurred on 25 April 2015 in Gorkha, Nepal, west of the capital Kathmandu. A major aftershock with magnitude 7.3 occurred on 12 May 2015 near Kodari, east of Kathmandu. As a result of both of these major earthquakes, more than 9000 people were killed and thousands of landslides occurred in various parts of the country. Both earthquakes occurred in the dry season, and hence, a major concern was the increased likelihood of landslides in the rainy season following these earthquakes. This research describes the effect of post-earthquake rainfall on slope stability by examining the landslide distribution pattern in Nepal, following the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake and its aftershocks. A high resolution Google Map was used to locate the landslides triggered in the eastern to mid-western part of Nepal following the earthquake and after the first rainy season. A landslide database was created and contains the angle of inclination, features at risk and landslide area for each landslide identified. To evaluate the stability of slopes following a post-earthquake rainfall event, a 45º slope was modelled in a Plexiglas container and subjected to shaking on a shake table and rainfall in the laboratory. A clayey soil obtained from Mission Viejo, CA was used to prepare a slope model with void ratio 1.2. The slope was instrumented with accelerometers, tensiometers, and copper wires to record acceleration, pore water pressure and deformation of the slope, respectively. A series of sinusoidal waves with 20 cycles at various amplitudes and frequencies (0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g and 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 3 Hz) were applied to the slope model. After the seismic loading was applied, a rainfall simulator was placed on top of the slope and used to apply rainfall with an intensity of 16.8 mm/hr. The water front from the infiltrating rainwater was marked on either side of the Plexiglas container at different time intervals. Slope instability was not observed during the post-earthquake rainfall event. This was attributed to a decrease in the void ratio due to the seismic shaking leading to a reduction in the seepage rate for the rain water and lower pore pressures on the slope. Hence, the likelihood of further slope instability in the rainy season following an earthquake decreases. The results were verified in the case study from Nepal as there were no reported landslides during the rainy season immediately following the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake and its aftershocks.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Creator:
- Pantha, Krishna Hari
- Description:
- This paper presents the results of a study, whose aim was to determine the undrained shear strength at different over-consolidation ratios, which is a very important parameter to evaluate the stability of natural and man-made slopes in soft clay. The undrained shear strength of clays was determined using a laboratory test method utilizing the Direct Simple Shear (DSS) apparatus in the geotechnical engineering laboratory at California State University, Fullerton. In this study, the change in undrained shear strength of soil with over-consolidation ratio in a mineralogical framework was studied. Four different soil samples were prepared by mixing commercially available clay minerals such as kaolinite and montmorillonite with quartz at different proportions by their dry weight. These samples included 100% kaolinite, a mixture of 70% kaolinite with 30% quartz, a mixture of 50% kaolinite with 50% quartz and a mixture of 50% montmorillonite with 50% quartz. The plasticity characteristics of these samples were evaluated. Each of the first three samples had five different specimens representing five different over-consolidation ratios (2, 4, 8, 16 and 32). The fourth sample had only two specimens for two different over-consolidation ratios, i.e. 2 and 4. The applied consolidation stresses were 600 kPa, 300 kPa, 150 kPa, 75 kPa and 37.5 kPa for five different over-consolidation ratios of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32, respectively. Using the direct simple shear device, the undrained shear strength of these samples were measured using a strain rate of 5%/hour. The pore pressures generated at different applied stresses was also back calculated from the change in total stresses. The pore water pressure continuously increased up to certain displacement and then after tended to remain constant. The results showed that it was inversely proportional to the over-consolidation ratio. Using the results, the SHANSEP model and Hvorslev’s theory were utilized to check normalized shear strength, and true friction angle and true cohesion of each soil sample, respectively. The result showed that the shear strength depends up on the composition of clay minerals and stress history of the soil. The relationship of the normalized undrained shear strength ratio was directly proportional to the overconsolidation ratio of the soil. Similarly, the true friction angle of the soil depended up on the composition of the clay minerals, but not on the stress history. True friction angles of 19.28°, 20.63°, 21.06° and 35.24° were obtained for Sample Nos.1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; whereas, the true cohesion of these sample were measured as 8.46°, 7.21°, 4.55° and 0.39° respectively.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Creator:
- Stiles Hanlon, Anna
- Description:
- College athletics are the most popular extracurricular activity across American community colleges, with approximately 80,000 students participating each year. California has the highest rate of participation, with over 24,000 student-athletes annually. While California Community College student-athletes generally outperform their non-athlete peers academically, there is still a disproportionate impact for male student-athletes of color. However, there is little empirical evidence related to the educational experiences of student-athletes, making it difficult to know how institutions can best serve them. This quantitative study investigated and identified institutional factors that were significant to California Community College student-athletes’ academic success, highlighting differences related to sports participation, gender, and race/ethnicity. Using data collected with the Community College Success Measures (CCSM), this study explored student-athletes’ college experiences in terms of campus ethos––students’ sense of belonging, personal relationships with faculty, faculty/staff validation, student engagement, and welcomeness inside and outside of the classroom––and non-cognitive factors important to academic success. Analysis included independent t-tests, ANOVAs, and linear regressions. Results indicated that student-athletes’ experiences in college (campus ethos) were significant predictors of their non-cognitive factors, explaining 32.4% of the variance in non-cognitive composite for all student-athletes and 42.9% of variance for Black male student-athletes. Results also indicated that male student-athletes felt less welcomed by faculty inside and outside of the classroom than did male non-athletes, and that for male student-athletes of color, feeling welcome inside and outside of the class was the most significant predictor of their non-cognitive factors. Male student-athletes also reported significantly lower levels in their sense of belonging than did male non-athletes. While student-athlete reported greater frequency of student engagement, it was not clear if the motivation for student engagement was internal or external, or if the type of motivation changed the effect of the engagement. There were no significant findings for females. These findings indicate that male California Community College student-athletes of color are not receiving the college experiences that are meaningful to their development as scholars. This research also points to the importance of gender specific studies for community college student-athletes, as the findings for females were generally not significant.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership
- Creator:
- Sims, Andrea Fejeran
- Description:
- The purpose of this research journey (qualitative narrative study) was to explore the cultural philosophies and beliefs of manmaga’håga (high-ranked Indigenous Pacific women in higher education), give voice to culturally competent leadership practices, and to understand the interests of career aspirations. This research journey used storytelling, an indigenous research methodology, to understand individual experiences and amplify the collective voices of the manmaga’håga. The indigenous leadership model (Minthorn & Chavez, 2015) grounded the storytelling (semi-structured interview protocol). The collective voices of eight Indigenous Pacific women resulted in six emergent themes. The first theme, cultural heritage cultivates the leader included the three subthemes of natibu (indigeneity), minagåhetna (authenticity), and fuestan famalao’an (female empowerment). The second theme, relationships are central to leadership, contained the three sub-themes of inadahi (care), na’i aturidåt (empower), and chenchule’ (reciprocity). The third theme, community inspires wisdom and strength, produced the two sub-themes of inafa’maolek (collective responsibility) and famai’che’cho’ (resilience). The fourth theme, lessons instill growth and purpose, revealed experiences in higher education that increased skillsets and intrinsic motivations. The fifth theme, mentors are significant along the journey, was derived from the examples of fafa’nå’gue (teachers), family members, and mentors who served as teachers and navigators in their lives and careers. Theme six, advancement is about legacy, not title, revealed that the aspirations along the journey focused on creating pathways to leave a legacy for others. This study offers higher educational leaders, institutions, and professional associations, insights into the innate leadership capacities of Indigenous Pacific women, their ability to be culturally competent leaders and their commitment to advancing the success of their communities. Implications for policy suggest examination of employment and retention policies and an emphasis on data disaggregation. Implications for theory suggest transforming leadership paradigms, praxis, and pedagogies to include more Indigenous ways of knowing, being, and learning in curriculum and professional development spaces. Finally, implications for practice include development of an Indigenous Pacific in higher education genealogy project, the sisters of Oceania network, and a leadership pipeline that uses storytelling as a method of cultivating leaders.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership
- Creator:
- Hoover, Karelyn
- Description:
- The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the leadership strategies and processes that California community college presidents employed as they made the decision to participate in the pilot baccalaureate degree program and the subsequent implementation of the pilot program at their institutions. Presidents were selected because of their unique position in the organization to lead change initiatives. In this study, eight presidents in the California Community College Baccalaureate (CCB) pilot programs, who were in their positions when the decision was made to apply for the CCB and remained in their positions through their implementation of the program, were interviewed. Their responses were analyzed using the framework of Kotter’s (1995, 2012) change model. Responses were also analyzed in the context of Fullan’s (2001) model for leading in a culture of change. Implications for community college leadership were identified: 1. Lead with a moral purpose. Presidents should lead change with the intent to make a positive impact on the lives of students, staff, and members of the community. 2. Rather than try to change the culture with a change initiative, cultivate an environment where change can occur. 3. Establish a team and empower the team to act on the president’s behalf is critical. 4. Be prepared to do whatever it takes to make it work. 5. Effective communication is critical. 6. Leading change initiatives can be hampered by the politics of the change. This study was unique in that all the presidents in the study were leading the change, becoming a baccalaureate-granting institution, at the same time, and for the first time in California. Based on the data and analysis from this study three recommendations were made for leading change: (a) create an institutional culture that supports change, (b) lead with a moral purpose, and (c) be prepared to do whatever it takes.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership
- Creator:
- Kirkwood, Alisia Monique
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Black community college administrators who have transitioned to upper-level management, while maintaining their own race consciousness. A race conscious mindset is defined as: (a) acknowledgement of racialized self as Black; (b) normative emphasis on racial group membership as part of overall self-concept; (c) a comprehensive understanding of racialized self within racial and social context; (d) an in-depth understanding of the complexities of racism and systemic oppression; and (e) proactive engagement in work aiming to disrupt institutional marginalization. This study also examined how Black administrators, who serve or have served as chancellor, vice-chancellor, president, or vice-president navigate leadership expectations of the California Community College system, while maintaining the saliency of their own consciousness. The following questions guided this exploratory study: 1. How do racially conscious Black community college administrators describe their preparation for upper-level institutional leadership? 2. What perceptions do upper-level Black administrators have of critical consciousness and its impact on their ability to effectively persist in higher education leadership? 3. What impact, if any, does racial consciousness have on the ability to persist in higher education leadership for Black community college administrators? Critical race Theory and an existential lens, along with an historical foundation focused of racism and education, provided the conceptual framework that allowed race and the effects of racism to remain central throughout the various phases of data collection and analysis. Using a qualitative, constructivist grounded theory design undergirded by semi-structured interviews, data exploring upbringing, academic and professional preparation, approach to leadership, perceptions of race and racism, and advantages and disadvantages to being a Black administrator were collected. Based on analysis of findings the following themes emerged: (a) race continues to be a factor with deep roots and far reaching implications for Black educational leaders and learners; (b) preparation beyond traditional and universal requirements is essential to career advancement; (c) there are clear generational variances in regards to understanding of and approach to critically conscious leadership; and (d) the necessary characteristics and dispositions for upper-level administration.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership
- Creator:
- Luna, Mercedes
- Description:
- This hermeneutical phenomenological qualitative study seeks to understand the lived experiences of concussed community college student-athletes as they reintegrated back into the classroom after their injury. This study included 12 student-athletes enrolled at three community colleges in the Los Angeles and Orange County areas. Findings indicated that student-athletes are experiencing difficulty in the classroom after their concussive injury as a result of cognitive symptoms and lack of academic accommodations. Themes included: the concussion experience of community college student-athletes, impact on social identity, identified institutional support, and perceptions about academic accommodations. Implications for policy, practice, and future research are discussed.
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Identifier:
- 9780438380059
- Campus Tesim:
- Fullerton
- Department:
- Department of Educational Leadership