The primary evolutionary goal of many hatchery supplementation programs is to minimize genetic change and fitness loss associated with captive breeding. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic stability of a hatchery steelhead (Oncorhync . . .

Adult female Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) can be inseminated only while in a soft-shell condition immediately after molting. Population modelers have therefore assumed that all adult female Dungeness crabs undergo an annual molt. Based on this as . . .

Experimental matings of hatchery Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) demonstrate that age at maturity is an inherited trait: generally, older aged parents produce progeny that mature at older ages than those produced by younger aged parents. On . . .

The objective of this project was to assess genetic population structure in Entosphenus tridentatus (Pacific lamprey) to evaluate whether this lamprey exhibits fidelity to natal streams or regions. I investigated genetic variability in 1246 individual . . .

Three investigations were conducted on the tidewater goby in captive conditions. The first was an experiment to determine the optimal water temperature and photoperiod for inducing spawning behavior in male and females of the species. It was found tha . . .

Black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) recruit to shallow coastal habitats at four to six months of age. Habitats utilized include kelp and eelgrass beds, estuaries, and tidepools. Black rockfish are unique among Sebastes spp. in that they are found in ti . . .

This study was designed to describe the internal anatomy of the freshwater polychaete, Manayunkia speciosa (Fabriciidae). Understanding the internal anatomy provided insight to then describe the development of the actinospore stage of Ceratomyxa shast . . .

Movement and survival of PIT tagged juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were assessed using a network of detection stations located throughout the Shasta River, a tributary of the Klamath River in interior northern California. This highly prod . . .

The Shasta River is one of the most productive tributaries of the Klamath River for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). There are two primary spawning and juvenile rearing areas for Chinook salmon in the Shasta: the lower basin canyon, and the . . .

Morphological changes in the Dry Creek (Sonoma County, California) associated with Warm Spring Dam, have reduced habitat availability for rearing fish, and potentially altered the community structure of benthic invertebrates that form the prey-base fo . . .

The freshwater life history of spring chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tschawytscha was investigated in the upper South Fork Salmon River and its tributary East Fork. Emergence and emigration timing were studied using redd and outmigrant traps during 1991 . . .

Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fisheries of the eastern Pacific, from Alaska to central California, have a minimum size limit, measured as carapace width (CW), to ensure that all harvested males have had the opportunity to participate in at least on . . .

During the summer of 2012, juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Prairie Creek, California and its tributaries were marked using PIT tags to monitor winter redistribution and estimate overwinter growth and survival. Since a substantial number . . .

Redd counts – total number of distinct redds observed during a spawning season - are often used as an indicator of the abundance of salmonids spawning in streams and have recently been adopted for statewide assessment of status and trends in abundance . . .

Elevated turbidity and suspended sediment loads have been documented to negatively effect salmonids and their habitats. Laboratory studies have demonstrated the effect of elevated turbidity levels on the physiology and behavior of salmonids. However, . . .

Recreational Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) catch in northern California has increased substantially since 2005, and for the last seven consecutive years has exceeded the small quota that has been allocated to the management subarea contain . . .

Fish passage improvement is used extensively throughout the Pacific Northwest to expand salmonid habitat to increase threatened salmon stocks. While culvert enhancement projects have been evaluated for physical responses, for example, the ability to w . . .

Studies were undertaken in 1972 on the potential of artificial reefs in intertidal waters of Humboldt Bay, northern California. Underwater observations were made of two types of "low profile" reef structures, made of car tires, placed near an existing . . .

In July of 1991, a train car filled with metam-sodium pesticide fell into the upper Sacramento River, California, killing more than 300,000 wild rainbow trout and all aquatic life in the 38-mile stretch of river below the spill. I compared growth of w . . .

Genetic stock identification methods revealed consistent stock-specific run timing of four genetically-assigned reporting groups of Klamath Basin Chinook salmon across two sampling years. The Trinity-Salmon Spring run entered first, followed by the Kl . . .

During 1960-1964 930 salmon stomachs were collected at King Salmon (Humboldt Bay) and Trinidad for the purpose of comparing the feeding behavior of salmon in these two closely adjoining areas of the Pacific Ocean. For the study period anchovies, eupha . . .

The fitness consequences of low genetic diversity in wild animal populations are of great concern to species conservation. The endangered tidewater goby, Eucyclogobius newberryi, occurs in reproductively isolated populations along the California coast . . .

This study compares methods for estimating escapement of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a coastal stream without a counting fence or weir. Relationships between escapement estimates and juvenile recr . . .

Substantial investment has been directed toward construction of off-channel ponds in the middle Klamath River basin to benefit Coho Salmon populations. Previous research showed that abundance, retention, and growth of juvenile Coho Salmon varied acros . . .

High interannual variability in abundance of adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) presents challenges to fishery managers in developing reliable predictive models of abundance. Variability in adult abundance is strongly dependent on surviva . . .

Rockfish (genus Sebastes) are ovoviviparous with pelagic larvae that may travel great distances before settling on shallow reefs where they become substrate-dependent juveniles. Artificial reefs can be used to monitor juvenile recruitment by providing . . .

Polymorphic microsatellite markers were employed to explore fine-­scale genetic differences between adult summer steelhead trout and juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss samples collected from the upper Middle Fork Eel River, California. Sampling locations we . . .

The tidepool fishes of Redwood National and State Parks, California were sampled to access the community structure of intertidal fishes in this under-studied region. A total of 13 samplings, at three sites, took place from March 2004 to September 2005 . . .

Standard weight equations were developed for juvenile steelhead using the regression line percentile and empirical methods. The equation developed using the empirical method better represented juvenile steelhead lengths and weights and was free of len . . .

A total of fifty largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were collected from Clear Lake, Lake Berryessa, Lake Sonoma, Trinity Lake and the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. All fish were infected with at least one parasite, with the exception of one . . .

Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch are an anadromous species that typically spend their first winter in freshwater habitats before outmigrating to sea the following spring as smolts. Coho salmon in California are a state and federally listed species, re . . .

High post-larval abalone mortality is a major problem for abalone culturists today. The purpose of this study was to determine if the copepod (Tigriopus californicus) caused mortalities among larval abalone (Haliotis rufescens). A significant (P<0.01) . . .

I examined incidence and density of Ceratomyxa shasta and Parvicapsula minibicornis infection in adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) returning to spawn in the Klamath River Basin. From August 2007 through December 2007, 506 adult salmon we . . .

I examined the emigration, growth, and stream residency of steelhead (Oncorhvnchus mykiss) in Hurdygurdy Creek, California, a tributary to the South Fork Smith River, in Del Norte County. Outmigration was monitored by weekly operation of a fyke trap f . . .

I used dual frequency identification SONAR (DIDSON) to estimate escapement of adult coho salmon, Chinook salmon, steelhead and coastal cutthroat trout entering Redwood Creek to spawn. Effective estimates of salmonid escapement include a quantifiable e . . .

Large woody debris is frequently placed into streams of the Pacific Northwest in an effort to improve habitat conditions for rearing juvenile salmonids. Unfortunately, many restoration projects do not incorporate monitoring of biotic response to these . . .

The objective of this study was to determine whether a species that is adapted for living in naturally fragmented habitats can maintain genetic variation in an artificially fragmented context. Here, I evaluate the population structure and genetic dive . . .

Eleven species of fishes within the lower Redwood Creek watershed were examined for food habits from February to December, 1980. Seasonal and spatial intraspecific patterns were analyzed, as well as interspecific diet overlaps. The fishes of lower Red . . .

Ceratomyxa shasta is a myxozoan parasite of salmonid fishes endemic to river systems of the Pacific northwest of North America. In the lower Klamath River, California, C. shasta has caused significant losses of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus ts . . .

The Lost River sucker, shortnose sucker, and Klamath largescale sucker are three endemic sucker species that inhabit the Upper Klamath River Basin. The Lost River sucker and shortnose sucker were federally listed as endangered under the Endangered Spe . . .

Eucyclogobius newberryi, the tidewater goby, is a federally endangered species endemic to coastal lagoons and estuaries in California. Little is known about the biology of this species in northern California. We conducted a 14-month study (November 20 . . .

Wild juvenile chinook salmon appear to spend an extended period of time in the estuary of the Smith River, California. Based on recovery patterns of freeze-branded juveniles released from June through August, 2000, mean estuarine residence time ranged . . .

Because stream fisheries are so closely associated with forested watersheds, it is necessary that the streams and forests be managed jointly under a system of multiple use. This requires a knowledge of the interrelationships between these resources to . . .

Starch gel electrophoresis was conducted to determine the genetic differentiation of chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha runs from Trinity River Hatchery (TRH), California. A total of 389 fish were collected from September through December 1992 at . . .

I conducted an experiment to determine if resident rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) isolated upstream of a barrier to anadromy in Freshwater Creek, California would exhibit migratory behavior after individuals were relocated to a downstream reach w . . .

Understanding the causes of recruitment variability in many marine fish populations is a long standing problem in fisheries research, and one that remains pressing due to the consequences of uncertainty in production models for effective management de . . .

The effects of suction dredge gold mining on the stream habitat of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (0. kisutch), and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) were investigated at Canyon Creek, Trinity County, California during 1984 and . . .

In this study I evaluated the effectiveness of the percentage by mass of behaviorally drifting invertebrates within drift samples to serve as an index of a stream’s capacity to support salmonid growth. I tested hypotheses over seasonal timeframes that . . .