Potential long term neurocognitive (NC) and psychological effects from exposure to concussive and subconcussive forces are of growing international concern. Athletes with a history of prior concussions exhibit lower objective performances and higher s . . .

The study examined the martial arts spin kick when performed with a vertical jump and without a vertical jump. Seven black belt martial artists each participated in one 2-hour testing session that included performing six kicking trials consisting of t . . .

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the ASO ankle brace and the closed Gibney ankle taping method on kinematics of the lower body when landing from a vertical jump. By observing lower limb joint angular kinematics during landing . . .

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of serial and sequential practice methods on the bilateral skill of the instep drive in soccer. Forty-five fifth grade boys and girls from a local elementary school were used for the study. It was . . .

This study examined the ability of the closed gibney with heel locks and figure-of-eights, and the cotton ankle wrap applied using the Louisiana technique followed with an overlay of athletic tape in the same manner in their ability to limit ankle sup . . .

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of mass load distribution on walking energetics and mechanics. Twelve healthy adults (23 ± 2 yrs) walked on a treadmill at 1.25 m/s with no load and an external load (5% of body weight). Loads were pla . . .

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and has physiological benefits similar to or greater than that of continuous training (CT); however, there are mixed results regarding how HIIT protocols influence affect. The dual-mode model ( . . .

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORE STABILITY AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between athletic performance and core stability. A secondary purpose was to test the reliability of core stability measures in an athletic popula . . .

No research has been done on Ultimate frisbee. This study attempts to study the locomotion patterns during match-play in Ultimate. Methods: amateur Ultimate players (n = 6 cutters, 6 handlers) from a co-ed club performed the counter-movement jump, 505 . . .

The primary purpose of this project was to describe the anthropometric and physical characteristics of MMA fighters to establish a reference for their athletic profile, focusing on: somatotyping, skill-related physical fitness test components, and mus . . .

The Q-angle has long been hypothesized to be useful in predicting anterior cruciate ligament injury in athletes, but is difficult to reliably measure clinically. Tibial tubercle to trochlear groove is a reliable and accurate measurement that has the p . . .

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effect of creatine supplementation, both with and without resistance training, on human bone. Serum bone turnover markers (BTMs) for bone formation and resorption were used as outco . . .

Soccer is a team sport that requires extended periods of high intensity intermittent exercise. Due to the majority of matches being played at an intensity below vigorous levels, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) has been thought to relate well to th . . .

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between climate perception (performance or mastery oriented), playing status (starter or non-starter), and needs satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), and overall athlet . . .

The purpose of this experimental study was to determine whether viewing video game and comic book characters, depicting the current idealized muscular male body ideal, would affect 6th through 8th grade middle school boys’ drive for muscularity and bo . . .

Barefoot running has become increasingly popular in the United States and throughout the world over the last few years. Our understanding of barefoot running on the spring-like mechanics of running is limited. The spring-like behavior of the body duri . . .

PURPOSE: To assess how accurately trained subjects can predict exercise endpoint in resistance training. METHODS: 12 female (age 20.33 ± 1.61 years; height 166.12 ± 3.95 cm; weight 69.99 ±9.76 kg) and 12 male (age 22.17 ± 1.40 years; height 176.83 ± 8 . . .

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects more than 27 million adults and is the most common age-related rheumatic disease of the musculoskeletal system. OA is associated with changes in gait cycle parameters that include reductions in range of motion stride length . . .

This qualitative study examined the goal setting techniques of successful collegiate women's basketball coaches. The purpose of this study was to describe the goal setting strategies of successful basketball coaches and to determine if they support th . . .

The purpose of the current investigation was to synthesize the motivational climate literature to determine the relationships (effects) between mastery and performance climates and several different outcomes and moderating variables in sport contexts. . . .

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of Bikram yoga on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures (ABP) by comparing measures on a Bikram yoga (BY) day to a non-Bikram yoga (NBY) day. A secondary purpose was to investi . . .

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effects of yoga training on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) recovery from a standardized exercise bout. The researchers also aimed to determine if there is modulation of autonomic . . .

Older adults consume 15-20% more metabolic energy per unit mass to walk a given distance and across a range of speeds compared with young adults. Recent evidence suggests that part of the increased cost of walking in older adults is due to greater cos . . .

Little is known about the effects of full-body cardiovascular exercise (FBE) on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), or the hypothesized driving mechanisms of EPOC, as compared with upper-body exercise (UBE) and lower-body exercise (LBE). T . . .

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the perception and preferences of athletes on independent sport teams regarding team leadership selection in hopes of making team leadership selection in sports an educated decision. A secondary purp . . .

Purpose: The purpose of this study was compare %BF values measured by BODPOD, HW to the Siri 3-Compartment Model equation, and to determine if the fluctuations of body weight as a result of fluid retention during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycl . . .

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between leadership styles among head basketball coaches from NCAA Division II men’s and women’s basketball teams and performance outcomes and academic performance. A second purp . . .

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant fluctuations in body composition during a normal menstrual cycle using air displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod®). Seventeen college age females were tested five times over one mens . . .

The purpose of this study was to determine balance training differences between the Nintendo Wii Fit Plus™ and traditional balance training programs as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Fifty-Nine Division II athletes (18-24 years ol . . .

PURPOSE: To compare the differences between teaching behaviors and overall class perception in the physical education environment. A second purpose will be to compare differences in student perceptions of the motivational climate, needs satisfaction, . . .

Running is a common form of exercise with a high incidence of injury. However, there is little evidence for how changes to running posture may influence running economy (energy consumed), kinematics (joint motion), and muscle activation. This study so . . .

The purpose was to determine the relationship between two measures of lower-limb explosive power (LLEP) and establish the relationship between these measures and physical match performance (PMP) in Division II female collegiate soccer players (N = 24) . . .

Purpose: To evaluate the validity the Schultz Slam Test (SST) as a measure of core performance in Division II collegiate American football players. Reliability, as well as convergent, content and divergent groups’ validity were assessed. Methods: Coll . . .

The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, prospective study of soccer heading and its potential effects among male and female collegiate soccer players. Specifically, this study evaluated individual neck strength and . . .

Over one-third of adults over the age of 65 experience at least one fall every year. Falls can result in injury, hospitalization, loss of independence, and mortality. Studies examining the effects of exercise on falls are effective in reducing the ris . . .

An ever-growing population of people are looking for ways to increase calorie burn without increasing activity levels. People in the shoe industry have capitalized on this concept and created curved bottom shoes. Curved bottom shoes are believed to pr . . .

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the determinants of energetic cost of backward running and determine if backward running is metabolically more expensive than forward running as a result of using faster stride frequencies and/ . . .

Expiration during exercise requires the active contraction of trunk muscles (Fuller, Sullivan & Fregosi, 1996). After prolonged exercise it has been demonstrated that expiratory muscles become fatigued (Suzuki, Suzuki, & Okubo, 1991) which can be dele . . .

The quality of the coach-athlete relationship is comprised of the coach and athletes’ closeness, commitment, and cooperative interactions, and is determined by multiple relationship factors including athlete perceptions of coach confidence and coach p . . .

The use of custom foot orthotics and wedging techniques has been recognized in the literature as an accepted method to mechanically alter or improve joint function at the hip and knee. This study investigated the effect of foot orthoses on energetics . . .

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of static and dynamic stretching protocols on performance time of the Illinois Agility Test. Nineteen Division II women soccer players from Humboldt State University were randomly assigned to thre . . .

The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between resting heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) from exercise with a focus on a previously unstudied vagal index of HRR, T30. Participants were males aged 18 to 2 . . .

The perceptions of intercollegiate athletes in selected National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) institutions were assessed in relation to the athletic training room and the services rendered by athletic trainers in this study. A Liker . . .

Problem: The types and use of self-talk and anxiety has been researched within athletics, identifying the overall influence on sport performance; however, this is first study to evaluate the use of self-talk and anxiety levels during close games. The . . .

In the workplace, women are increasingly being expected to perform similar physical tasks as men, which may be a disadvantage in physically demanding jobs. On average, women have 55.8% of the upper-body strength and 71.9% of the lower-body strength as . . .

This study was designed to compare aerobic endurance performance in Division II male soccer players under the conditions of Aquafina bottled water (placebo) and Activated Stabilized Oxygen (ASO). Participants in this study were the members of the Humb . . .

The geographical location of a rural police force produces unique challenges. Due to lack of backup, an officer or deputy may need to actively maintain control of a resisting suspect for as long as 30 minutes before backup arrives. Additionally, unlik . . .

The purpose of the current investigation was to synthesize the motivational climate literature to determine the relationships (effects) between mastery and performance climates and several different outcomes and moderating variables in physical educat . . .

Runners have been shown to experience a high rate of injury. Research suggests excessive rearfoot eversion may be implicated. The current model of running shoe prescription follows that runners are provided a shoe type with the proper level of stabili . . .

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury that results in an overall decrease in executive function. Previous literature has reported that significant reductions in balance occur in the concussed during the acute phases of recovery. However, it . . .