Eugenics is a term sometimes casually thrown around in everyday discussions. It even appears in various forms of popular media such as television shows, movies, cartoons, novels, and even Japanese anime. Eugenics did not simply appear in human history . . .

Thesis (M.S., Mechanical Engineering)--California State University, Sacramento, 2018.

Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that is present in the Earth’s crust in small amounts, over time becoming exposed due to both natural and manmade processes. The arsenic exposed in the ground can be subject to weathering such as rainfall, allowing the ars . . .

The aim of the present study was to fit data to a structural equation model that includes conservatism, HIV-related stigma, and avoidance behavior. An exploratory factor analysis was performed, and a subsequent structural model was created with conser . . .

Introduction--High altitude illness, specifically acute mountain sickness, is a potentially life threating ailment for individuals that travel to high altitude. Acute mountain sickness is characterized by the following symptoms; headache, lethargy, di . . .

Safety is a major work zone concern; this concern is heightened for workers that work near travelling public. Motorists and passengers are more vulnerable and have a greater likelihood to be injured or killed from a work zone crash. The prevalence of . . .

Since the 1980’s there has been a gradual, yet steady increase in the academic demands placed on our students and in the amount of homework assigned (Kohn, 2006). Misconceptions on the effectiveness of homework and student achievement have led many te . . .

This thesis explores public policies that have the potential to meet the 20% statewide edible food recovery mandates of SB 1383. This policy became law in 2016 as part of a broader effort to curb methane emissions, of which about a fifth is attributab . . .

Civilian review boards can benefit not only an individual complainant, but also the surrounding community at large and law enforcement agencies across the country. The diminutive amount of existing research conducted on civilian review boards has focu . . .

Recent literature supports using a multi-component awareness training procedure to decrease speech disfluencies for college students. However, this procedure can be time-consuming and is likely not feasible in practical settings, such as college class . . .

The purpose of this attitudinal study was to examine the attitudes of Asian Indian men and women regarding gender roles. Perspectives concerning gender roles were surveyed through topics such as: cultural expectations of sons and daughters, household . . .

During my time in the Master of Art Studio program at Sacramento State University Sacramento I have had an opportunity to expand my perceptions and grow as an artist. This work represents my exploration of time-based media, hybrid media, installation . . .

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between professor-student interactions and psychosocial well-being (loneliness, social anxiety) through the mediator of campus belonging. The college transition can be stress-inducing for studen . . .

Often the perceptions students have towards concealed carry differ in a variety of cases especially males’ and females’ opinions (Doubleday, 2013; Gius, 2018; Jang, Dierenfeldt, & Lee, 2014). Few studies have explored if one's gender had any signi . . .

If teachers in the 21st century desire to create a critical impact on their students and democracy, then they must strive to make their classrooms more democratically centered. They must actively cultivate an experience within their classroom that fos . . .

When adolescents read more, their attitudes toward reading become more positive, and their language and comprehension skills increase as well (Broeder & Stokmans, 2013). Reading motivation, reading enjoyment, literacy, comprehension levels, and am . . .

The purpose of this study was to explore the framing of the narrative presented by American news outlets in reporting on the NFL national anthem protests that began in 2016 to bring attention to police brutality and systemic racism towards blacks in t . . .

This thesis analyzes the rhetoric of Operation Rescue, the Christian pro-life activist organization, within the theoretical framework of Kenneth Burke’s Logology. With the intent to answer the research question: How does rhetorical agency interrelate . . .

Introduction: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major contributor to the cost of health care in the United States (Johnson, & Thomas, 2010; Dagenais, Caro & Haldeman, 2008). CLBP has many causes. CLBP effects a majority of the population (Kim . . .

The iconic symbols of light and darkness are well-recognized throughout literature. Readers are conditioned to accept that light traditionally connotes holiness, hope, and happiness, while darkness acts as a harbinger of doom, death, and depression. A . . .

A variety of calixarene analogues involving heteroatoms as the bridging units have been reported because the substitution of the carbon bridges with heteroatoms can impart novel properties and influence the conformer of the macrocycle. However, the ch . . .

Receiving student financial aid in the form of grants, loans, and work-study increases college access for students planning to attend a college or university. Early on, California made a commitment to make sure the University of California (UC) was ac . . .

The number of California voters who are choosing not to register with one of the state's six recognized political parties has increased substantially over the last two decades, first surpassing Republican registration in mid-2018, and then to an all-t . . .

Efficient hybrid rocket engine designs are highly desirable due to the inherent safety of these systems when compared to the premixed solid rocket motor or bi-propellant rocket engines. Hybrid rocket motors use a pressurized tank to impel liquid oxyge . . .

For this thesis, I explore how Local Control Action Plans (LCAPs), under the Local Control Funding Formula, follow established administrative theory on strategic planning while also raising questions about how districts develop LCAPs. To explore these . . .

Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin produced by the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. It is responsible for causing amnesic shellfish poisoning, a condition capable of devastating marine wildlife and humans with severe neurological complications once ingested. M . . .

Although there is broad research focusing on recreational therapy and its benefits to various populations, there is limited information about municipal recreation leaders’ knowledge and perceptions of the profession and its practitioners. According to . . .

Families living in poverty are overly represented in the child welfare system. Risk factors that include but are not limited to, inadequate housing, emotional and social challenges, and domestic violence cause families living in poverty to be more lik . . .

Using a Venturi to Capture and increase wind velocity are carried out to enhance the performance of wind turbines, the Idea of Ducted Wind Turbines has been an interest because of the ability to increase the velocity through them, the results of multi . . .

The author posits that an environmentally focused place-based pedagogy will lead to increased nature relatedness, inclusion of nature in self, and overall love and care for a regional park that borders a Northern Californian university. This study rep . . .

The purpose of this study was to examine how exercise order affects lower body jump power in collegiate athletes. There is still a disparity in knowledge on the effects of exercise order of resistance training on lower body jump power. Therefore, ther . . .

This mixed methods study was designed to investigate the barriers to participation for individuals with disabilities with regards to non-motorized boating on California waterways. Barriers regarding accessibility were researched and data were analyzed . . .

On January 31, 2018, the Sacramento County Board of Supervisors (Board), during a workshop, focused its attention on retail shopping centers experiencing chronic vacancies. In 2017, another major big-box retail closure in a shopping center prone to bi . . .

This research examines the experiences of individuals with tinnitus as told by the messages exchanged on an online discussion board. This study provides insight on an illness that is often overlooked, shedding light on the day to day problems individu . . .

Statement of Problem: Improvements to internal combustion efficiency have soared in the last decade due to stricter emission regulations and increased consumer demand for fuel-efficient vehicles. Variable valve timing (VVT), engine start-stop cycles, . . .

College participation rates are growing among students of lower socioeconomic status and first-generation students (those who are the first members of their families to attend college), however their success rates do not keep pace with students of hig . . .

Institutions of higher education are becoming more diverse in student populations, but minority representation at the administrative level is still lacking. Despite current efforts to diversify leadership, the experiences of administrators of color re . . .

There is no single universal definition of the terms stalking and cyberstalking as these terms vary in legal, social and academic meaning. This study aims to determine which behaviors are most commonly considered stalking and cyberstalking, based on s . . .

While working conditions are known to impact employees’ perceptions of the work environment and employees’ health, the effect of the layout of a school site on teachers has yet to be explored. This study aims to determine if the physical distance betw . . .

Since California began decarbonizing its energy supply nearly 20 years ago, the state has become a leader in the clean energy revolution. Backed mostly by a rapid expansion of solar energy, California now generates more renewable energy than any other . . .

Despite the influx of superhero films in recent years, the genre seems to replicate the hegemonic gender relations of capitalist American society. Is there a difference between how these films from 1990-2019 use their protagonists to portray gendered . . .

The goal of this thesis is to supplement the analyses of a previously administered state-level multiple-choice examination using the 80 Percent Rule with Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses. DIF analysis addresses group differences when candi . . .

The goal of this study was to explore variables associated with extended breastfeeding practice. Specifically, the study investigated whether intrapersonal factors (breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding history/education), interpersonal factor . . .

Food insecurity impacts university students, resulting with physical and mental health risks, at-risk for low GPAs, and change in behavior (Hughes, Serebryanikova, Donaldson & Leveritt, 2011; O’Neil & Maguire, 2017; Wood, Harris III & Delg . . .

Zeolites are mesoporous natural or synthetically prepared aluminosilicate materials widely used as adsorbates, waste remediation agents, and catalysts. Due to the complexity of the synthetic process, there has been growing interest to modify readily a . . .

The purpose of this work surveyed and interviewed women who completed a degree in studio art or other art related concentrations. This study focused on the educational experiences of females in their studio art courses. The researcher evaluated and an . . .

In the wake of globalization, a growing line of research has emerged to better understand individuals who grow up on the crossroads of national cultures due to their parents’ vocation known as third culture kids (TCKs). Scholars and counselors acknowl . . .

Several studies suggest that the perirhinal cortex (PER) may function to unitize stimulus components across time or modalities, and multiple findings have supported the involvement of the PER in stimulus unitization during fear conditioning. However, . . .

This study describes and explores the nature of financial abuse (FA) of older adults, those aged 65 and over, in Sacramento County, California, with the aim of developing characteristic profiles for those with increased vulnerability for such mistreat . . .

Using the cross-national data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) 2015, this thesis compared workers in the United States and Japan. This thesis examined the potential factors resulting in unequal distribution of work-to-family confl . . .

Statement of Problem The purpose of this work was to examine collegiate female coaches and male and female athletic directors at the NCAA Division 1 level about the decline of women coaches after the passing of Title IX in 1972, focusing on women spor . . .

Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) is a temporary immigration policy that was passed by President Obama in June 2012. This research focuses on the impact that DACA has had on the DACAmented and UnDACAmented recipients. This study will also . . .

Using a variation of difference-in-differences model, this thesis examines the effects of three different Earned Income Tax Credit expansions and EITC eligibility on children’s total PIAT score, mathematic PIAT score, and reading comprehension PIAT sc . . .

Roman politics during the final decades of the Late Republic was a vicious process of gamesmanship wherein lives of people, their families and friends were at the mercy of the gamesmen. Cicero’s public and political gamesmanship reflects the politics, . . .

In Track and Field, sprinters such as Usain Bolt undergo wind resistance or drag forces during a race competition. Athletic clothing and shoes help reduce drag of a sprinter. Eyewear, which is used to block glare and harmful UV rays, have not been stu . . .

Hydraulic mining, gravel mining, gold dredging, timber harvesting, water diversions, urbanization, and the Oroville dam have played a role in degrading the spawning habitat of the low flow channel of the Feather river. In efforts to restore the spawni . . .

This study analyzed punk rock song lyrics that were released between the years 1996-2006, from two California record companies, Fat Wreck Chords and Epitaph Records. The purpose of doing so was to find political themes, during the Pre and Post 9/11 Er . . .

In California, a vast population and agricultural industry rely on groundwater for their main water supply source. Recent drought conditions have placed a higher demand on groundwater resources, and in order to preserve this resource for future use, g . . .

This study compared the benefits of preprinted vs. write-on response cards in two undergraduate psychology courses using an alternating treatments design blocked by content unit. We compared both response card types to standard lecture in Experiment 1 . . .

In June of 1984, the prime minister of India, Indira Gandhi, ordered the Indian army to invade one of the holiest of temples of the Sikh faith, The Golden Temple (Sri Harmindar Sahib), in Amritsar, Punjab, India. This attack was titled “Operation Blue . . .

The purpose of this thesis was to explore how discrimination impacted Asian Americans’ political engagement. Specifically, this thesis investigated 1) whether discrimination contributes to lower political engagement (i.e., participation in political a . . .

The expansion of charter schools, fueled largely by school choice advocates, has provided many prospective students families with access to alternatives from their traditional public school options. However, comparisons of academic performance between . . .

In this study, I analyze how the gothic heroines and narrative structures of three radical feminist-authored texts – Mary Wollstonecraft’s Maria, or the Wrongs of Woman (1797), Mary Hays’s The Victim of Prejudice (1799), and Eliza Fenwick’s Secresy, o . . .

Sociologists have examined the barriers that students of color, in general, experience in higher education, as well as how campus climate can be improved to be more inclusive for the increasingly diversified student population. However, few researcher . . .

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), is a federal statute that represented the most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of health coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicai . . .

Physical education and having a physical education specialist on staff, as well as physical activity, physical fitness, diversity and socioeconomic status, have been overlooked with regards to their potential impact on academic achievement as a result . . .

Research on undocumented students has been developed during the last decade, however, most of the sociological research on the undocumented community has focused on college students. This study examines the aspirational experiences among the general u . . .

Using social identity theory, this research investigated how the general public perceived demonstrations of white nationalism during the “Unite the Right” rally of August 12, 2017. Examining publicly available comments posted to news articles about th . . .

Jane Austen’s juvenilia was preserved in three vellum notebooks, which contain final drafts of over twenty short stories, plays, letters, and scraps written between 1787 and 1793. As such, they offer a rare glimpse at the development of the aspiring y . . .

The purpose of this research is to examine the attitudes of undergraduate students at a California State University regarding their experiences with sex education in the K-12 school setting. Parents and school administrators are polled regularly to fi . . .

The goal to achieve higher fuel-efficient internal combustion engines is a common goal for engine manufacturers. Current engines reject approximately 20 percent of the fuels energy to the engine cooling system. The waste energy is rejected to the atmo . . .

The State of California’s Bureau of Electronic and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishing and Thermal Insulation (BEARHFTI) is the only regulatory agency that has imposed smoldering safety standards for upholstered furniture. However, this does not address . . .

To better understand the phenomena of various thrust outputs with constant energy input in the RF Resonant Cavity Thruster, a theoretical space travel propulsion system, the impact of microstructural variations in the cavity material was investigated. . . .

Statement of Problem: The U.S. Department of Justice started to notice an influx of youth becoming wards of the state throughout the United States. A common pattern that judges noticed for these youth included being in the child welfare system along w . . .

Cooking skill and nutrition knowledge in youth is limited as nutrition education is not a mandated subject matter and home cooking has declined over previous decades (Reicks, Trofholz, Stang, & Laska, 2014; Schneider, Dumith, Orlandi, & Assunç . . .

Motivation is one of the cornerstones closely linked to a college student’s learning ability and academic performance. Cherry (2018) defines extrinsic motivation as one’s psychological behavior that is compelled by external rewards such as grades, pra . . .

This study considers the idea that Desert Side-notched points are of Numic origin by comparing those found in Numic and non-Numic areas. Considering Cultural Transmission theory, it is hypothesized that Desert Side-notched points found in non-Numic ar . . .

The early 1990’s reports of spikes in juvenile violence brought nationwide interest in reforming the juvenile justice system to prevent youth from engaging in delinquent behavior. Diversion Programs have since then become of high importance with the g . . .

Despite government programs intended to alleviate housing instability, low-income families continue to struggle in gaining safe and affordable housing. Affordable housing has become increasingly limited for many working-class families, whose wages hav . . .

Statement of Problem: For English Language Learners (ELLs), students whose first language is not English, reading is daunting. Most English teachers assign reading on a nightly basis with the expectation that students will perform the task independent . . .

The relationship between immigration and crime has long been a topic of interest among scholars. Much of the research has focused on black and Latino populations in an attempt to explain racial segregation and crime in American cities. The present stu . . .

This thesis looks at how social media and its intricacies, paired with parasocial relationships, significantly influence and control social media-goers' behavior in favor of the entertainer, in this case, Taylor Swift. The critical question of this th . . .

Statement of Problem Domestic violence as an area of research is continually expanding, which, in the 1990s, grew in its theoretical basis (Bograd, 1999; Perilla, 1999; Pinn & Chunko, 1997). However, in the United States alone, there is still a ne . . .

This study examines the rhetoric of gay pride parades from their inception to their current incarnation though the examination of selected published photographs in The New York Times. The study analyzes six photographs from New York City’s gay pride c . . .

The purpose of this study was to examine the metabolic and physiological effects of running at three different percentages of body-weight (BW): 100, 75, & 50 on a lower body positive pressure treadmill (LBPPT). Twelve healthy college aged students . . .

There is no doubt that recessions and expansions are economy wide phenomena; however, there is no reason to believe everyone will be affected equally. Differences in race, gender, region, marital status, educational attainment, and other individual ch . . .

Hypertension is a serious health risk world-wide. Isometric exercise has shown to reduce resting blood pressure (RBP) in hypotensive and normotensive individuals. Since they are isometric in nature, Tai Chi stances may also show RBP improvements in si . . .

This qualitative study observed and recorded 11 Facebook Pages with 14 original posts gathering 402 replies, to see what parents self-reported to their peers on Facebook when asked what the main reason(s) are they choose to homeschool their children. . . .

The current study evaluated the effectiveness of modeling positive and negative reinforcement contingencies for three children with food selectivity and autism spectrum disorder. A differential reinforcement contingency was first modeled in which part . . .

Residents, home buyers, planners, and elected officials have differing ideas about how much a home value is changed by potential increases in density due to new development or how much of a premium is placed on the seclusion afforded by lower-density . . .

Vehicle dynamics is highly dependent on mass distribution. Airplanes are particularly affected by mass distribution. Altering the moment of an airplane change how well it can fly and even lead to disaster [1]. Ocean vehicles will also undergo disaster . . .

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulty developing complex verbal behavior, including question-asking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a procedure to teach two children with ASD to ask “Why?” Typically, Why-questio . . .

The role of the perirhinal cortex (PER) in memory is well established; however, its role in perception remains controversial. The objective of the current thesis is to revisit this debate by using a series of experiments that aim to replicate and exte . . .

In response to an increasing crime rate after WWII, the United States began developing programs which were designed to assist in improving the lives of those living in poor and deprived conditions. In order to maintain accountability of these programs . . .

Post-synthesis modification of zeolite materials can be an effective way to enhance desirable physical and chemical properties. Specifically, altering the silicon to aluminum ratio and the introduction of a unique heteroatom are primary goals of the C . . .

At the frontline of a war zone, the need for life supporting infrastructures at a Forward Operating Base (FOB) is paramount to the mission’s success. These structures must provide life safety and resiliency from direct and indirect mortar attacks to i . . .

The objective of this thesis was to determine the ideal cooling method for lithium-ion batteries used by electric vehicles. Internal heat generated within the battery pack during charging and discharging must be accommodated with proper thermal manage . . .

The purpose of this study is to explore how a Northern California University’s Academic Advising Center’s First Year Advising Program is serving first generation Latina/o students. This quantitative study will analyze the type of visits made after stu . . .

If students with disabilities have successfully completed the requirements for being accepted into college and are also successful in completing the admission process, their ability to succeed (in receiving a degree) may be mitigated due to multiple f . . .

Previous research has investigated the feedback and behaviors of high school coaches. The purpose of this study was to compare the behaviors and feedback (FB) within the high school soccer coaches for differences and similarities, and to examine how t . . .