Plant seeds sometimes do not germinate at elevated temperature. The thermoinhibition mechanisms of seed germination have yet not revealed. Here we describe a chemical approach to improve seed germination at high temperature. We compared the temperatur . . .

The hrmA gene of the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme functions in repressing the formation of transitory motile filaments, termed hormogonia, by plant-associated vegetative filaments. Here, we report that anthocyanins can contribute to ind . . .

Transposon-generated mutant strain UCD 328 of Nostoc punctiforme strain ATCC 29133 has a phenotype of an increased sensitivity to a hormogonium-inducing factor exuded by a symbiotic plant partner, Anthoceros punctatus, and an initial increased hormogo . . .

Seed dispersers influence the distribution and success of plants by defining the ecological context that an individual will experience throughout its lifetime. In transporting seeds to new environments, animal dispersers can influence plant performanc . . .

Pattern and consequences of plant disease at the community level have rarely been studied. We surveyed fungal infections in a Great Basin community of perennial shrubs over 4 years. Repeat surveys in fixed plots and along transects showed that disease . . .

Bundle sheath extensions (BSEs) are key features of leaf structure with currently little-understood functions. To test the hypothesis that BSEs reduce the hydraulic resistance from the bundle sheath to the epidermis (rbe) and thereby accelerate hydrop . . .

We measured sap flux (S) and environmental variables in four monospecific stands of alpine ash (Eucalyptus delegatensis R. Baker, AA) and snowgum (E. pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng., SG) in Australia’s Victorian Alps. Nocturnal S was 11.8 ± 0.8% of diel t . . .

Conventional wisdom holds that the ratio of leaf area to sapwood area (L/S) should decline during height (H) growth to maintain hydraulic homeostasis and prevent stomatal conductance (gs) from declining. We contend that L/S should increase with H base . . .

Atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] has increased dramatically within the current life spans of long-lived trees and old forests. Consider that a 500-year-old tree in the early twenty-first century has spent 70% of its life growing under pre- industrial . . .

"THE LAW THAT makes my wool the king's is no just law" ("Non est lex sana quod regi sit mea lana"), proclaims the anonymous Anglo-Norman and Latin poem whose editorial title, "Against the King's Taxes," reflects the depth of its antipathy to royal exa . . .

"I'm off to the Arts Council." "I will be at the public radio station." These are the excited statements from a busy librarian working to develop arts and lectures programs at an academic library. Academic libraries have a rich history of providing pr . . .

It seems a natural fit to have artwork in libraries. At Sonoma State University Library, in Rohnert Park, California, we have committed to an art gallery in order to support the liberal arts and sciences mission of the university. The library's exhibi . . .

While most college campuses have strong support for the libraries, as competition on university campuses for limited financial resources gets tougher, support for libraries can be more theoretical than actual. Library users are unaware of the complexi . . .

This article describes a collaborative model designed to facilitate integration of information competence into the curriculum of the Freshman Seminar at Sonoma State University. The model focuses on collaboration among librarians, faculty, peer mentor . . .

A joint team of archaeologists from the University of California, Berkeley and Sonoma State University are examining a collection of artifacts and skeletal material excavated by Peter B. Cornwall in Bahrain and eastern Saudi Arabia in the 1940s and ac . . .

Since 2008, the Dilmun Bioarchaeology Project has analyzed the human skeletal remains and artifacts that Peter B. Cornwall excavated from Bahrain in the 1940s, now held in the Hearst Museum of Anthropology. One mode of interpretation and dissemination . . .

With a stock of near 14,000 horses in 1999, the vibrant equestrian sector of Sonoma is having a large impact on the county economy. At the same times, it is sustaining the green landscape of the county and a traditional American culture. With a capita . . .

The proximity to the city of San Francisco, beautiful landscapes, a rural historical heritage, and progressive institutions for land conservation, have made Marin County an attractive place to live. These very conditions have also induced population g . . .

A large proportion of the 420 million people living in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have begun the Third Millennium living under conditions of poverty. Near 40% of LAC households are poor and 16% extremely poor (CEPAL, 1999.) Poverty is even . . .

This article addresses an issue that is both a problem for society and an opportunity for geography. Increased by globalization, spatial distance and social complexity often obscure interconnections between citizens of the first world and distant and . . .

Large classes on sustainable development present certain challenges. Often high student-to-instructor ratios encourage passive learning pedagogies. However, because sustainability education seeks to increase awareness and help students shift to more s . . .

As our most complex and intimate relationship with wider environments, food and agriculture provide important opportunities for exploring affective ecologies. Here I re-visit some of the ways that Modern constructs of humans as radically different fro . . .

In Prospero’s Books, the Peter Greenaway film adaptation of Shakespeare’s romance The Tempest, the arranged and apparently consummated marriage of Claribel and the African King Tunis is depicted in the most grotesque fashion. A miserable and sexually . . .

Discusses the artificiality in William Shakespeare's Romances. Characterization of Shakespeare's late Romances from the point of view of critics; Nature of art in Shakespeare's works; Effect of conscious artificiality on the audience.

Discusses the establishment of the ameliorative tradition of the production and critical interpretation of the play "The Taming of the Shrew." Creation of a play-within-a-play structure in the Christopher Sly Induction; Information on the historical c . . .

An essay is presented on English dramatist William Shakespeare, on the plays he wrote, on the overall effect of his actors, boys and men in particular, in his company and the parts they were capable of playing. It discusses seven distinct roles and th . . .

The ending of All's Well that Ends Well has been a problem for critics. Yet some of the difficulties have been spawned by a critical unwillingness to watch the character Bertram closely as he moves through the play. For the most part the reconciliatio . . .

In a foreword to a collection of essays entitled Reinterpretations of Elizabethan Drama, Norman Rabkin makes the following generalization about the contributors: " ... all of them discuss the play as earlier critics neither could nor wanted to: the pl . . .

The unity of The Comedy of Errors lies in the baffling contexts surrounding Aegeon, the boys from Syracuse, and the boys from Ephesus and in their responses to those contexts. Obviously, there are certain differences among these contexts that cannot b . . .

In a recent essay Norman Gelber recognizes a certain degree of ambiguity in Greene's Orlando Furioso, and suggests that this ambiguity is created by the dramatist's treatment of women. Yet Greene's dramatic handling of women in this play based on Ario . . .

President Armiñana discusses the current state of higher education in California as it faces unprecedented change and declining public funding. He reviews the challenges and opportunities that accompany declining tax-based support of the California Un . . .

The emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) concept is considered to be the next technological revolution [1]. It describes various technologies and research disciplines that enable the Internet to reach out into the real world of physical everyday objects. . . .