The preliminary study of water disinfection began in the mid and late 1800s due to the numerous health hazards due to chemical and microbial water contamination. Although there are many existing methods of water treatment, disinfection by-products (DB . . .

In California, the drought has become an important issue due to declines in surface water sources. Dependence on groundwater and importing water from the Colorado River continues to increase in order to keep up with high water demands. Therefore, use . . .