Introduction: Influenza mutates frequently with the potential to cause pandemics. Our study examined the immune responses of mice and chickens to the conserved portion of influenza M2 protein in a liposomal vaccine (L-M2e) and to the plasmid vector wi . . .

Measurements of pollinator performance (the relative success of an organism at pollinating a given crop) are vital to agriculture, especially for crops like watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) which are dependent on bees to set fruit. Pollinator performanc . . .

Introduction: HSV-2 virus causes lifelong genital infections underscoring the need for an effective vaccine. This study compared the efficacy of the gD1-306 vaccine with a tri-peptide vaccine, gD3PEP, consisting of three immunogenic sequences within g . . .

Introduction: Previously we reported that L-M2e vaccine provided significant protection against viral challenge one week post-vaccination in SW mice. This study focused on how long that protection would last, with or without an additional L-M2e boost. . . .

Microbial contaminations in food and water may post a threat to public health. Ice is defined as a food by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). According to the International Packaged Ice Association (IPIA), approximately 2 billion bags of ice . . .

Disk florets of 19 Encelia taxa were examined with scanning electron microscopy to characterize disk floret trichome complement, density, and distribution on anthers, abaxial corolla lobes, and corolla tubes, to interpret their evolution in light of t . . .

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal trinucleotide-repeat disorder that is characterized by neurodegeneration, which leads to motor and cognitive impairments. The motor impairments include chorea, rigidity, dystonia, and muscle weakness. Cognitive imp . . .

Biosensors are emerging to become the standard in medical diagnostics due to their rapid detection capabilities. Methicillin-‐ resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is typically known for skin infections and can be life-‐‐threatening if not treated i . . .

Garlic (Allium sativum) has antiparasitic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, specifically against the yeast Candida albicans (C. albicans). Garlic is also known to boost the immune system. The immune system consists of innate and adaptive immu . . .

Lessingia glandulifera A. Gray (Asteraceae) is a summer-blooming annual found in the Mojave Desert, as well as in coastal and pine forest habitats. It reaches reproduc tive maturity in the desert during the season when temperatures are at their highes . . .