One hundred sixty-eight California State University, Northridge psychology students read the same neutral descriptive paragraph about a professor; half the descriptions were of a male and half of a female stimulus person. In half the cases, the stimul . . .

The present study investigated the relationship between the McCarthy Screening Test (MST) and the Rhode Island Pupil Identification Scale (RIPIS), as well as the ability of each of these instruments to predict kindergarten teacher’s subjective judgmen . . .

Child abuse and neglect has been a problem of great concern in recent years. Research has revealed the interactional nature of child abuse. The interplay among the psychosocial history and characteristics of parents, the situational stress they are ex . . .

Athletes are often told they need to play to win. Research demonstrates that playing to avoid losing provides more motivation in competition than playing to win. This is primarily due to loss aversion, explaining that the pains of losing are worse tha . . .

The human-computer interface for many information retrieval systems is a hierarchical menu structure. Although this type of interface has several advantages for novice users, there is potential for confusion and disorientation when menu structures are . . .

Twenty-six subjects, equally divided by sex, from El Salvador, Central America, served as subjects for this study. The effects of language on thepsychological assessment of the Hispanic subordinate bilingual individual, was investigated. It was hypoth . . .

The current study investigated the relationship among Psychological Flexibility, Cognitive Defusion, positive and negative competition anxiety to performance under pressure. It was hypothesized Psychological Flexibility, Cognitive Defusion, and positi . . .

A total of 16 female Long-Evans rats, divided evenly into four groups, were presented with a chromatic stimulus paired with a chromatically neutral stimulus. The chromatic stimuli used were: red, yellow, green, and blue; each group was rewarded for re . . .

The present study investigates two possible related problems in GSR research, i.e., the nature of the effector mechanism(s) and the question of the appropriate GSR unit. Ninety Ss were subjected to relatively mild and relatively intense startle stimul . . .

Neuropsychological dysfunction has been associated with HIV/AIDS since the disease was identified (Price & Brew, 1988). Despite the advent of effective antiretroviral treatment, which has prolonged the disease into a chronic condition and morphed glob . . .

Neighborhood context and parental influences are two major factors that are known to impact the mental health development of adolescents. Both factors have been extensively studied in either contributing or preventing youth from developing internalizi . . .

Group operants and the premack principle were systematically applied in an attempt to modify the verbal language development of twelve male children with behavior problems and special learning difficulties. All twelve children were initially administe . . .

This theoretical thesis reviews the crisis in social psychology, the failures of the logical positivist paradigm, and explores the possibility of a dialectical paradigm. Dialectical thought in social theory including Plato, Hegel, Feurbach, and Marx i . . .

This study investigated the effects instructional format and number of study trials had on recall and application of statistical concepts. Two instructional formats, verbal and symbolic, were compared for their facilitative effects on a learning task. . . .

Twenty-six juvenile delinquents and 26 nondelinquents were measured on two personal control variables: locus of control (Norwicki & Strickland, 1973) and desirability for control (Burger & Cooper, 1979). This research was based on Empey and Lubeck's ( . . .

A major role of psychologists in school programs has to do with evaluation of children for purposes of categorization, special place- ment, and differential program planning. As we have approached the mid-1970s special education opportunities f . . .

Scientific and technological advances, along with a fast, competitive pace of life, have confronted humans with unique, often paradoxical, situations. Although we have obtained considerable mastery over the physical world, we know very little of o . . .

Investigated the ability of the Comrey Personality Scales (CPS) to predict relapse into drug or alcohol abuse within the first sixty days of residential treatment. Twenty-eight adolescent residents of Pride House, a drug-free treatment facility, were . . .

This study examined the responses of 165 Ss on two independent measures, LOC and SE, in relation to outcomes on eight selected, bipolar, personality adjustment factors from Cattell's "16pf." Criterion points were established for designating a scor . . .

Identification is a term used in personality and developmental theories which is usually credited to Sigmund Freud (Stoke, 1950) • As Freud first used the concept, " . . . identification endeavors to mold a person's own ego after the fashion of th . . .

Typographic Cueing is a method whereby typographic methods such as changing print styles are used to emphasize or “cue” specific information. The independent variables used in this experiment were 1) cued or noncued material, 2) the method of typograp . . .

The present study examined the effects of imagery (positive vs. negative) and verbal feedback (positive vs. negative) on performance on rotary pursuit, a weight lifting task, and Borg's (1970) scale of perceived exertion. Subjects participated in a ro . . .

Fifty-four men and fifty-four women served as subjects in a two-part experiment designed to test predictions based on Heider's Balance Theory (1946, 1958): specifically, that balanced groups will perform better in problem solving situations than will . . .

An experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of discrete auditory localization cues in directing visual attention in an instrument monitoring task. Eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to three experimental groups: two groups . . .

Emotion regulation is related to individuals' well being among different age groups, but emotion regulation has been conceptualized in various ways, which creates issues in generalizing findings and measurement. More studies are needed that demonstrat . . .

Following Wheaton (1980), it was hypothesized that the effects of social status are explained by attributional theory, where vulnerability to psychological disorder depends on the extent to which one feels capable of controlling the environment. This . . .

Thirty-eight male inpatients in the Alcohol Treatment Program of the Sepulveda Veteran's Administration Hospital were randomly assigned to receive either assertion training, which utilized such techniques as behavioral rehearsal, modeling, and feedbac . . .

This study explored the effects of the nonverbal cues of staring and distance en a variety of perceptual responses of the subjects. 80 Ss were equally divided into eight groups. In a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design, staring (100% vs. 0%) and distance (2 1/ . . .

A MANOVA, profile analysis, was done on eighty learning disabled children classified a priori as having visual processing difficulties or auditory processing difficulties. The two groups showed a significant difference in average subtest scores. A sig . . .

The present study examined the relations between different coping mechanisms and distinct types of psychopathology, and how these relations were amplified or diminished based on the specific configurations of adversity experienced by individuals. A to . . .

As meditation is an alteration of attention, many researchers have addressed the relationship between the practice of meditative techniques and perceptual functioning. The most commonly cited hypothesis is that of Arthur Deikman (1966a). He postulates . . .

Prescription medication abuse has been on the rise in recent years. Keuhn (2006) found that although illicit drug abuse has decreased, prescription medication misuse has increased in adolescents and emerging adults and the CDC (2013) has found an incr . . .

The use of patient satisfaction surveys as an evaluation measure is complementing the previous reliance on discharge and professional evaluation as criteria for assessing the treatment of hospitalized psychiatric patients. While data from consumer sur . . .

Predominated by the fields of medicine and psychiatry, most interpretive models of the phenomena called ‘child abuse’ typically see the child as the mere target of abuse. Traditional or psychodynamic approaches then have generally focused their attent . . .

The rationale for this study was twofold. First, it sought to confirm previous experiments that found when evaluating an error made by a subordinate, supervisor's responses are influenced by the likability of the subordinate and the severity of the ou . . .

The Nazi Holocaust inflicted serious emotional and physical scars on its victims, producing a characteristic symptomatology known as the “survivor syndrome.” There is now evidence emerging that these effects of the concentration camp experiences are b . . .

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the sexual and ethnic identities of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) minority emerging adults, their perception and experiences with microaggressions and the effects they have . . .

The present research investigated cultural ideologies and their effect on team cohesion within a sport setting. Past research has focused on cultural ideologies in business but not sport settings and studies on diversity in sport have not looked at te . . .

During the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity prevalence in the United States (Centers for Disease Control, 2010). One factor that may contribute to obesity is the consumption of unhealthy (e.g., higher calorie and fat) foods . . .

A man-computer interaction requiring control decisions is utilized to study subjective information values. The values were utilized for training purposes and for a search for indices of a trained operator. The subjective information values were obtain . . .

This study was concerned with the relationship between the internal vs external locus of control scale which is derived from Julian Rotter’s Social Learning Theory and the Personal Orientation Inventory, a measure of self-actualization based on the co . . .

The possibility that behavior akin to imprinting in the avian neonate also occurs in the laboratory rat Has investigated by using experimental procedures similar to those used in avian imprinting studies. Three groups of 24 rats each were exposed to a . . .

This study presents an in-depth analysis of the behavioral tendencies of battered women using as a frame of reference the abused woman's self-perception within the abusive relationship. Noting a need for both counselors as well as the general populati . . .

There is agreement among investigators that child abuse is an abnormal, child rearing pattern. Many studies have shown that child abusive parents react to child behavior with unrealistic expectations in addition to using inconsistent and inadequate co . . .

Percent of correct detections was used to investigate whether parallel processing was possible with auditory and visual stimuli being presented simultaneously. Sixty-four male and female college students participated in a vigilance task. Three factors . . .

In previous research into the truthiness effect, researchers found that the addition of a nonprobative photo to a general knowledge statement increased the likelihood that participants would rate that statement as true. This present study sought to re . . .

ABSTRACT PREDICTING USABILITY PROBLEMS WITH USER GUIDES WITH EXPERT HEURISTIC EVALUATION By Nicole Lampson Master of Arts in Psychology, Human Factors and Applied Psychology This graduate project compares methods in human factors for improving the eff . . .

The present study investigated the changes in maternal responsiveness (as measured by two response variables, nest building and retrieving) in three experimental litter-size conditions of three, five, and seven pups per litter, over a period of 21 day . . .

The term restraint defines degree of concern about weight and dieting as the major indicator for occurrence of problems related to overweight. The present study was conducted to gain additional support for the theory pertaining to restraint proposed b . . .

Studies measuring assignment of blame and praise often use methods that do not capture the complexity of real-world attributions: participants assign responsibility based on a single event. Using hypothetical vignettes, the current studies allowed onl . . .

Two-hundred and seventy-three subjects were asked to indicate their impressions of the emotions and traits of one of two actors. The stimulus was a motion film divided into 19 behavioral segments. The response was a scaled rating of the noticeability . . .

College students were divided into high stressed, depressed and non-depressed groups by the use of the Beck Depression Inventory and the College Schedule of Recent Experience. Subjects were assigned at random to academic and social conditions in which . . .

Recent studies comparing verbal and pictorial memory have found a number of discrepancies that have been attributed to differences in the way verbal and pictorial information is processed. Designs that use recognition of easily labeled pictures or tha . . .

This study is an investigation of the extent to which individuals’ fear-of-success scores varied with the presence or absence of occupational deviance and/or role overload in situations of female competitive success. Four TAT-type verbal cues describi . . .

The effect of relaxation training vs. reading about relaxation, on state anxiety, somatoform complaints, and intrusive, displeasing thoughts was assessed in one 2-group Pilot study and two replications. Heart rate was added as a DV, and trait anxiety . . .

A short-term memory task was utilized to study the differences in the perceptual functioning of field independent and field dependent individuals. The task was performed under two levels of stress with respect to speed and several levels of load stres . . .

The breakup, or terminating, of dating relationships is a common and acceptable phenomenon of contemporary society. The purpose of this research is to explore the effects of breakups and the accompanying emotional responses on relationship values. The . . .

This study investigated the socio-economic backgrounds, socialization processes, current lifestyles, sexual preferences, attitudes, and future plans of ten call-boys who offered their services in Hamburg, West-Germany in the winter of 1977-78. The ave . . .

Self-concept is assumed to be an important aspect of each individual's personality. In minority groups a positive self-concept is thought •to be related to the degree of integration into the dominant society. At the same time it is also important for . . .

The Think Out Loud (TOL) method has been shown to be a valid and valuable usability evaluation technique in Western cultures. To determine whether TOL affects workload, performance and satisfaction, 45 Chinese, 30 Indian and 81 American students were . . .

Considerable attention has been directed toward the study of rodent aggression wherein there lies a generally consistent view that male rodents are more aggressive than their female counterparts. The literature on female rodent aggression, however, . . .

From the recent effluence of publications stimulated by the Women's Liberation Movement has come an introspective and empirical consideration of sex roles and how and why they are filled as they are. Some possible expla- nations or contributing' . . .

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Project Follow Through, a federally funded compensatory education program for reducing the progressive intellectual retardation of culturally disadvan- taged children as they advance through . . .

Since the beginning of the continuity-noncontinuity controversy involving Lashley (1929) and Spence {1936, 1937) , a variety of studies have been conducted which de not uniformly support either of the positions. Although contemporary theories of d . . .

The use of expert witnesses in jury trials is common. Experts are assumed to be neutral, objective parties who disseminate information to jurors; however, the adversarial system may bias experts in favor of the side that retained them (prosecution or . . .

This study sought to examine the hypothesis that individuals’ resistance to evaluation of their creative performance exists as a function of their self-rated creativity. From the results of a pilot study, a self-rated creativity checklist, Something A . . .

The conventional study-recall method and “multiple-choice” paired-associate learning (PAL) paradigms were employed to examine possible mediational and storage retrieval deficits in the elderly. A minimum age of 65 years was chosen based essentially on . . .

Twenty-four subjects assigned to three groups were tested on frequency of using a troubleshooting checklist in solving a series of problems presented by schematic diagram of an electrical circuit. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three gr . . .

The written word is a fundamental part of society as it has been integrated into virtually every occupation and many recreational activities. Visual discomfort, or asthenopia, results from regular near work styled tasks such as reading. This in partic . . .

As the number of Latinas/os in California increases to one in four residents, the number of Latinas/os earning bachelor’s degrees remains low – 12% (College Campaign, 2015). Given the current education crisis of Latinas/os, it has become increasingly . . .

This study was designed to test the attitude change predictions of two different interpretations of dissonance theory and to compare these with a reinforcement prediction. One interpretation is that dissonance is the result of discrepancies between co . . .

Results from several studies have shown moderate amounts of exercise to be beneficial in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, no study to the author's knowledge has looked at whether exercise can be successful in preventing anxiety or . . .

This study investigated one aspect of the problem of teaching effectiveness. Two approaches, the comparison of teaching methods and student evaluations of teachers, were examined. Studies in both areas have been conflicting and confusing (Anderson, 19 . . .

The present study attempted to explore the effective- ness of family operant therapy when used in conjunction with a sample of adolescents on probation from Fresno County. The theoretical underpinnings of this project represent an assimilation o . . .

This study was designed to investigate the various factors which might influence the decision-making process of clinical psychologists in relation to ethical violations. One of 27 questionnaires containing a vignette of an ethical violation by a psych . . .

Measures of religious orientation, open-mindedness, manifest anxiety and trait anxiety were obtained using 124 Ss_ attending Pacific College and California State University, Fresno. The independent variables were sex, school attended and academic . . .

Wechsler's (1949, 1974) conception of intelligence concerns the individual's ability to comprehend and function within his environment. In focusing in on this multi- determined and multifaceted entity, he selected subtests contributing to the . . .

Four rhesus monkeys were trained on a simultaneous visual discrimination between a real “M&M” candy and a 3-D projection of a “M&M” (illusory stimuli). Two animals were reinforced for responses made only to the real, red M&M (color relevant group) and . . .

LGBT individuals face disproportionate amounts of social stress and discrimination. The purpose of this experimental pilot study was to determine the effects of viewing an LGBT documentary on heterosexual individuals' attitudes, knowledge, and empathy . . .

Speed of reversal learning was studied as a function of over-training and number of pairs reversed in 72 male and female college students.S’s were trained to criterion on six visual discrimination pairs. Over-training was provided at 0,5,10, or 15 add . . .

Previous research suggests that one of many key elements necessary for creative behavior is cognitive flexibility (i.e., the ability to move in and out of categories that become less and less associated with the given task stimuli; Lamm & Trommsdorf, . . .

Romantic relationships are known to be psychologically and physically beneficial to both partners when they are healthy. Yet, these benefits may depend on the type of romantic relationship (interracial or intraracial). There exists a plethora of liter . . .

Behavioral programs for weight control generally use techniques that help the obese to model the eating habits of the non-obese. Since studies of obesity have not adequately identified styles in eating that vary from the obese to the non-obese, and be . . .

Data were collected from a sample of 360 Latino high school students in their 9th and 10th grade classrooms from three high schools in Southern California. The purpose of the study was to examine: (a) the relationship between peer victimization and La . . .

Eight classroom groups of public school children participated in values clarification and decision-making exercises. Four of the classes were in junior high school and four in elementary school. An additional four junior high school classes and four e . . .

A study was conducted which followed a group of freshmen as they progressed through their first semester of college. The purpose was to study their adjustment to this naturally occurring stressful situation from the point of view which holds that stre . . .

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of amphetamine-D sulfate (d-Am) and maze complexity on the performance of rats in a learning task. Two experiments were conducted using five levels of d-Am (saline, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg) and . . .

The cognitive processes affected by smartphones are just recently being examined. Current literature demonstrates downfalls to both smartphone presence and absence (Clayton, Leshner, & Almond, 2015; Hartanto & Yang, 2016; Thornton, Faires, Robbins, & . . .

This series of experiments was designed to obtain data about 1) the conditions under which sustained potential shifts occur, 2) the vertical topography of sustained potential shifts within the rat hippocampus, 3) the relationship between hippocampal s . . .

Data interpretation is a skill that is increasingly important for society as more data become available for analysis in many of areas of daily life. Different methods and alternate presentation formats exist to address various types of data. Infograph . . .

The distance involved in the earth-based operation of a manipulator performing in geosynchronous orbit will result in an unavoidable time lag in information transmission. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect(s) of delayed proprioceptive . . .

The present study examined relationships between child maltreatment, parental emotion socialization, and domains of emotion competence in an undergraduate college student population. A sample of 320 undergraduate college students (51.6% Hispanic, 14.4 . . .

Two subjects participated in an auditory search experiment which consisted of 2880 trials composed of auditory sine waves and simulated white noise. All auditory stimuli were generated by a Data General, Nova 3/12 mini computer/ digital synthesizer. T . . .

A study was conducted to identify and investigate the possible effects that two cathode-ray tube (CRT) display attributes have on the visual functions and performance of CRT users performing a real-world style task. The attributes investigated were im . . .

The present study employed a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design to assess three aspects of mutual disclosure behavior: (1) Whether a mutual disclosure effect can be created in a small group setting; (2) whether personalism enhances the mutual disclosure effec . . .

This study investigated the effects of a multi-disciplinary college course in human sexuality upon the students’ stereotyped sex-role attitudes. The format of the class was lecture with didactic discussion combined with experientially oriented discuss . . .

Inconsistencies in research conerning the relationship between Fear of Success (FOS) and sex-role orientation may be due to the use of sex role inventories which treat masculinity and femininity as end points of a bipolar continuum. The Bem Sex-Role I . . .

This study was designed to examine long term treatment effects for agoraphobic individuals completing a multimodal, behaviorally based treatment program called Terrap. Self-report measures collected from 39 previous identified agoraphoibc individuals . . .

According to Ornstein (1969), length of retrospective duration is a function of quantity and complexity of mnemonically-retreivable items occurring in the evaluated interval. This non-temporal input is the sole source of temporal information, due to u . . .

A new method of scaling stimuli for equal discriminability is described and tested against the method of Garner and Hake. The new method uses cumulated transmitted information to form a scale. Garner and Rake's method uses successive intervals scaling . . .