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Native American
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- Creator:
- Jackson, Credell
- Description:
- Purpose: The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 established certain standards for the placement of Native American/Indian children in foster care and adoptive homes. The goal was to prevent the breakup of Indian families (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services May, 2019.) This research study examined the current state of disproportionality and permanency outcomes for Native American children in Los Angeles county. Permanency in this study refers to a permanent home for a child who has entered the foster care system. Permanency can be achieved through reunification with a parent or parents, adoption, guardianship, or an alternative permanent placement. Hypothesis: Native American children in Los Angeles county achieve permanency at a rate that is disproportionate compared to the overall permanency rate of children in Los Angeles county. Methods: The California Child Welfare Indicators Project (CCWIP) gathers data on Indian/Native children in out of home care in the county of Los Angeles, other counties in California, and California as a whole. The CCWIP is a collaborative venture between the University of California at Berkeley and the California Department of Social Services (CDSS) and provides a comprehensive source of child welfare administrative data. It serves as a model for open-data and information dissemination because the data is available to the public through the CCWIP website. (University of California at Berkeley School of Social Welfare, n.d.) Data for this research project was collected from the CCWIP website for the three years of 1998, 2008, and 2018. This project also looked at historical data available to the public from government hearings held in 1977. Results: My research showed there is a lack of historical data available specifically about the experiences of Native American children in Los Angeles county from 1978 when ICWA was passed to 1998 when California began systematically collecting information and entering it into the Child Welfare Services / Case Management System (CMS/CWS) system. Data collected in the past 20 years shows Native American children continue to be placed in foster care at a disproportionate rate. Native American children are more likely to be placed with relatives or in Native American foster homes now compared to when ICWA was passed. Discussion: Social workers in the field of child welfare can use findings from this research to inform themselves about the history of Native American children in foster care and the adversity these children and families have faced in the past. These findings highlight the barriers child welfare social workers will face working with the Native American community due to the history of Native American children being placed in care at disproportionate rates.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Department:
- Social Work
- Creator:
- Harbour, Christine
- Description:
- In a brief from the Department of Health and Human Services (Recent demographics, 2013), data from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) estimated that although national trends have shown dramatic declines in most ethnic groups entering foster care over the past 10 years, Native American/Alaskan Natives (NA/IA) have only seen a slight drop in numbers. Since 2009, NA/IA children have entered the foster care system at higher rates than any other ethnic group (Recent demographics, 2013). Between 2008 and 2010, California Breakthrough Series Collaborative (BSC) created the Continuum of Readiness to address these disproportionate rates in order to comply with Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) in collaboration with tribes and Indigenous communities (Lidot, Orrantia, & Choca, 2012). Through the collaboration, Humboldt County has been designated for a test pilot program due to the high proportions of Indigenous children in the child welfare system. In addition, due to the small population and large service are, Humboldt County has previously participated in a test model to address the need to integrate rural human services (Gutierrez, et al, 2012). Part of the child welfare system is foster care. This project looked at and compared the Grand Ronde Tribe foster program with that of Humboldt Counties in an attempt to find what has worked in a successful program in an effort to make improvements to Humboldt County’s foster care program. Emphasis for this project was placed on the recruitment and retention of Indigenous foster families as well as addressing the challenges for potential foster families in rural areas.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Humboldt
- Department:
- Social Work
- Creator:
- Borsch, Taryn
- Description:
- Limited documentation exists about the therapeutic effects of gardening for Native Americans. Native American individuals who utilized services at local Inter-Tribal Health Center participated in a horticulture group which has been in place since April, 2015. The project used a mixed-methods research design. Quantitative data were collected by administering a pre- and post-horticulture activity questionnaire and qualitative data were collected from staff members who participated in individual interviews regarding an evaluation of the context and progress of the horticulture group. Program evaluation techniques were used to measure the strengths of the established group, and recommendations offered for further development of the group. The goal of the project is to increase the data available about the therapeutic benefits of horticulture activity on Native Americans in recovery from substance abuse issues who are participating in ongoing aftercare treatment.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Humboldt
- Department:
- Social Work
- Creator:
- Cobbs, Porscha
- Description:
- The purpose of this project is to conduct a needs assessment of the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria. The assessment was developed to evaluate current social services, and provide a community-driven approach to developing a future social services program. The preliminary results will be reviewed, which include several emerging themes such as: substance abuse treatment, youth services, community building, and Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) treatment.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Humboldt
- Department:
- Social Work
- Creator:
- Hostler, Shari
- Description:
- There is a vital need to have a substance abuse treatment facility in Northern California to better serve the Indigenous population of the area. The area is inundated with clients that are seeking support for substance abuse issues. A Northern California Tribe has received money to start providing additional services for treatment, such as detoxification, inpatient treatment and aftercare. The local Medical Center has been designated to recommend the best services to provide with these funds. The survey of this Northern California Native community provided results of what the community wants and needs. The survey participants included the tribal council leaders, services providers, medical board members and outpatient participants.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Humboldt
- Department:
- Social Work
- Creator:
- Hill, Margaret A.
- Description:
- A sample of sixteen homicides occurring in Humboldt County, California was used to compare the Times-Standard’s treatment of homicides in 1982, 1995, and 2009. The sample examined eight homicide cases involving a Native American victim or suspect and eight cases which did not involve a Native American victim or suspect. Through the use of the qualitative research method, ethnographic content analysis, three protocols were developed for the process of analyzing the sample. Protocol I found articles without Native American Identifier (NAI) had more pictures than articles with NAI. Protocol II focused on use of kill words in the articles. The word killer was most frequently applied to articles without NAI. Protocol III looked at descriptions of victims and suspects through the lens of victimized, eulogized, criticized, authorized, and criminalized language in the Times-Standard. Victims without NAI were more frequently eulogized and less likely to be criticized or criminalized. Victims with NAI were more frequently criticized, authorized, or criminalized for their deaths. Suspects with and without NAI were equally criminalized and criticized. When a homicide involved a victim with NAI and a suspect without, it was more common for the suspect to be authorized for their actions, than when the victim and suspect did not have NAI. Suspects with NAI were less likely to be victimized compared to suspects without NAI.
- Resource Type:
- Masters Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Humboldt
- Department:
- Social Work
7. Off-Reservation / Urban American Indian Perspectives and Attitudes Towards Child Welfare Services
- Creator:
- Maillet, Kiana
- Description:
- Off-Reservation / Urban American Indian people are haunted by multi-generational historical trauma that carries over into generations of today. Through governmental termination and forced assimilation practices, families were torn apart, and parenting practices obstructed. These policies created a system that, to this day, disproportionally removes American Indian children from their homes and places them into foster care, often with non-American Indian people; a damaging process that devastates tribes and disconnects future generations. With a broken relationship between the government and American Indian people, it is important to understand the perceptions of the American Indian population in order to improve outcomes. The off –reservation/urban American Indian population has a particularly unique perspective in that they may live differently and may not have access to the same culturally appropriate resources and familial and tribal connections as those who live on the reservations. This study explores off reservation/urban American Indian perspectives and attitudes towards Child Welfare Services with a particular focus on social workers, American Indian foster homes, and the Indian Child Welfare Act. Through an analysis of 10 qualitative interviews, a variety of themes emerged and brought insight into the need for family services as well as potential barriers between off-reservation/urban American Indian people and Child Welfare Services. Participants saw social workers as intending to be helpful, but working within a broken system. This broken system contributes to the lack of cultural intelligence of social workers and the lack of knowledge, implementation, and enforcement of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), as well as contributes to the barriers to American Indians becoming foster parents.
- Resource Type:
- Project
- Campus Tesim:
- San Marcos
- Department:
- Social Work