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- Creator:
- Gibbs, Richard, Cline, Isaiah, Raines, Spencer, and Reutershan, Hannah
- Description:
- In April, 2019, an array of telescopes spread across the globe, known collectively as the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) produced the first ever image of the black hole at the center of our galaxy. Our goal is to recreate this image using an array of space based telescopes. Such distributed spacecraft systems provide advantages over other space based telescopes in terms of cost and resolving power. However the individual telescopes in the array must be able to coordinate their relative positions and pointing directions. One possibility to achieve this would be through blockchain technology. With the blockchain technology, we could robustly control multiple spacecraft and manage multiple formats of data seamlessly. We could also autonomously control distributed spacecraft systems. The data retrieval speed and robustness to failure will be greatly enhanced.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Oliver, "Pi" Raymond
- Description:
- Photosensitizers are used in Photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat various medical ailments including cancer, acne vulgaris, skin and organ diseases, bacterial infections, and sexually transmitted diseases. When photons of necessary and specific wavelengths interact with photosensitizers, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated which damage the cellular structure of the infected tissue - inducing cellular necrosis and lysis or apoptosis. Ideal photosensitizers have a high quantum yield of singlet and triplet oxygen which damages the infected cells. Computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) was employed in order to search for new photosensitizers with such desirable traits. Quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR's) were defined based on 21 different known photosensitizer structures for properties, singlet oxygen quantum yield and molar extinction coefficient. Connectivity indices were used as molecular descriptors to develop QSPRs. Correlations were obtained by linear regression. Chemical moieties were then analyzed, processed, and recombined using combinatorial optimization techniques in order to develop new photosensitizers. The optimization formulation minimizes the difference between the properties of the newly built photosensitizer and the target value and it is solved stochastically using the Tabu Search algorithm. Novel candidate photosensitizers have been proposed here for future research and use in PDT.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Delgadillo, Alba and Raza, Tehreem
- Description:
- There are an estimated 100,000 cases of torn Anterior Cruciate Ligaments (ACL) in the United States each year. Although autografts and allografts are approved treatments, they are expensive, labor intensive, cause donor site morbidity, and require a lengthy patient recovery process. Synthetic implants eliminate the harvesting procedure and have great biocompatibility, however their long-term effects are not understood. Understanding the full scope of mechanical properties of a synthetic material that closely matches those of native ligaments is imperative for ACL reconstruction innovation. PLG 10-90 (L-lactide-co-glycolide) is an absorbable copolymer which degrades into harmless products and is utilized as suture in orthopedic surgery. The copolymer sufficiently matches average native ACL tensile strength, percent elongation to fracture, and the degradation time is approximately that of ACL regrowth time. These factors make PLG 10-90 a strong candidate to provide structural support during the ACL recovery time and degrade thereafter. This research will determine a quantitative model of PLG 10-90 whose variables are expressed as decaying functions to account for the degradation of the copolymer. The model will probe the viscous and elastic components of PLG 10-90 and may be incorporated into ANSYS, an advanced simulation software. ANSYS may accurately simulate scenarios under conditions which are not feasible to conduct experimentally. An iterative process of customized simulations, rather than traditionally used empirical observations, will provide insight regarding in-vivo mechanical responses. This quantitative data of degrading PLG 10-90 will help determine the viability of the copolymer for ACL reconstruction.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Castro, Thomas and Tamayo, Christian
- Description:
- Photosensitizers are used to treat various medical conditions including acne vulgaris, herpes, and cancer through the process of Photodynamic therapy (PDT). Once administered, the infected area is illuminated with a specific wavelength of light. During illumination the photosensitizer produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) which cause damage to any nearby cells in multiple ways including apoptosis and necrosis. An ideal photosensitizer has a high singlet oxygen quantum yield and a low dark toxicity. In order to search for a new photosensitizer with these desirable traits computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) was used. Nine different known photosensitizers were used to create quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR's) based on their dark toxicity. Linear regression was then used to create correlations for three properties which were molar extinction coefficient, singlet oxygen quantum yield, and dark toxicity. The chemicals were then broken down into moieties and reconstructed using optimization formulation and solved using the Tabu Search algorithm to give new photosensitizer molecules with desired properties.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
45. Facial Privacy
- Creator:
- Kim, Ricky and Karim, Waleed
- Description:
- Technology is evolving and especially in cameras, with how connected everything is the line in a person's privacy is running thin. This problem is significant affects celebrities with paparazzi but for the general population, there have been instances where our picture was taken without our consent. So we know the problem, what can we do about it? Fight fire with fire or in this instance technology with technology. Our project is a camera app using facial recognition to find the desired user and if desired so, can blur their face. The process of blurring the face will happen in a nanosecond when the phone processes the picture right before it saves the photo in the image gallery. The methodology of the program is to use a person's face as a variable, meaning the user's face will be stored in the app as a database for the program to recognize before displaying the message to the wearable device whether to blur the individual's face. We are still working on what method is faster by having the image of the user saved in a database or only relying on the wearable device. To achieve this, we need a smartwatch, the one we used is called Hexaware, and a smartphone, we were provided a Samsung S5. On the side, we also designed and modeled the user interface of the app for both the Samsung S5 and the smartwatch.The user interface so far is pretty simple. The setup process takes about 3 steps.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Soto, Benjamin
- Description:
- Garlic (Allium sativum) has a long recorded history as a medicinal agent. Modern efforts have begun to elucidate the effects of garlic on the immune system. Macrophages are essential innate immune cells that-when activated-produce protein signals called cytokines. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria. Candida albicans (C. albicans) is an opportunistic yeast species that heavily infects immunocompromised individuals. We previously reported that garlic increases the secretion of a cytokine, TNF-α, from LPS activated J774A.1 (J7) macrophages. We have found similar results in LPS activated mouse-harvested macrophages but did not see an effect in LPS activated RAW 264.7 (RAW) macrophages. We further observed that garlic reduces TNF-α secretion from C. albicans activated J7, RAW, and mouse-harvested macrophages. The mechanism of action utilized by garlic to exert its effects on immunity remains elusive. Thus, we sought to understand if garlic alters TNF-α mRNA levels from LPS or C. albicans activated macrophages. To this end, we plated J7 and RAW macrophages at a concentration of 1.25x105 cells/mL and mouse-harvested macrophages at a concentration of 1.00x106 cells/mL. Macrophages were then challenged with LPS (0.1 ng/mL) or heat-killed C. albicans (6.25x106) cells/mL and treated with a 1:500 dilution of garlic. Following a 2 hour incubation, mRNA was extracted and analyzed via RT-qPCR. Preliminary data shows that garlic reduces TNF-α mRNA levels in LPS activated J7, RAW, and mouse-harvested macrophages. Results also suggest that garlic reduces TNF-α mRNA levels in C. albicans activated J7, RAW, and female mouse-harvested macrophages.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Zhang, Zijie and Cortez, Justin Lanz
- Description:
- Achieving decarbonylation of ketones is of interest as a route towards synthesizing carbon-carbon bonds. However, decarbonylation requires the cleavage of two carbon-carbon bonds which are kinetically and thermodynamically more stable than the carbon-hydrogen bond of an aldehyde. A recent study first reported decarbonylation of ketones by nickel bound to phosphine or carbene ligands. This project aims to establish feasibility of using bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) nickel complexes as catalysts for decarbonylation reactions. Three nickel complexes with varying ligand sterics were tested as catalysts in an initial reaction with benzophenone to establish feasibility. Following the reaction, the observation of biphenyl by GC-MS indicated that a decarbonylation had occurred. Future goals include tailoring the catalyst and reaction conditions to improve yields and expanding the scope to substituted ketones. Improving nickel mediated decarbonylation of ketones will be significant in the development of new reactions for synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Dela Paz, Adriel, Keil, Gordon, Zadeh, Pasha Beglar, Huang, Renrong, and Rounsefell, Kristi
- Description:
- A hashing algorithm is a one-way encryption mathematical function that takes in a set of data and condenses it to an output of a fixed size called the message digest (hash). It has many applications in computing systems, from checking data integrity in digital communications to speeding up performances of databases. Our project involves creating a processor based on the MIPS Instruction Set that is specialized to perform the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. Custom hardware is incorporated in the processor for specific operations that are needed in calculating the hash. This simplifies the instruction calls for those specific operations, thereby condensing the required assembly code for implementing the SHA-256 hashing algorithm.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
49. Overfishing
- Creator:
- Muñoz, Maria De Lourdes
- Description:
- When thinking about extinction, rarely do fish come to mind. Marine life has become a popular topic over the years, but people rarely consider fishing as one of the main causes of endangerment of many of the ocean's inhabitants. Overfishing is the act of collecting more fish than is sustainable. This not only affects the fish that are being targeted, but their ecosystem as a whole. The Overfishing advertising series was made to bring awareness to the damages that commercial fishing brings and the lack of legislation to protect marine life from them. My infographic, poster series, and postcard deliverables all work together to showcase different parts of marine life effected by commercial fishing. The work as a whole was designed to draw people in, using appealing and vibrant colors, urging the viewer to inform themselves in a society where people are constantly berated with gruesome images in an attempt to guilt them into caring. I focused on educating the viewer and providing solutions to the problem, thus making them empathetic towards the cause without evoking fear.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona
- Creator:
- Retherford, Margaux
- Description:
- The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the national airspace system presents itself with a myriad of technical problems. One of the key requirements for this integration is the human equivalent level of safety, which requires the ability to detect and avoid other aircraft/obstacles in their flight path so that the UAVs complete their mission without any loss or damage to other aircraft or property. This presentation talks about the use of ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast) transponders for detection of collision of other similarly equipped aircraft/UAVs. ADS-B transponders can receive and broadcast global position and velocities among other pertinent information in a 100-nautical mile radius. This research used Ping-2020 ADS-B transponders for the collision detection. The collision detection and avoidance is first tested in software-in-the-loop simulation, which also uses the flight controller, Ardupilot, and ADS-B transponders in the loop. MAVproxoy, a UAV ground station software package, is used to communicate between in the autopilot and simulation environment via MAVLink. FlightGear flight simulator is used to visualize the motion of the UAVs. The research uses two fixed-wing aircraft equipped with Pixhawk autopilots, which allow autonomous waypoint navigation. The collision avoidance algorithms use a three-step system of detect, predict, and avoid. The algorithm calculates and sends the waypoints for collision avoidance to the autopilot. Using the kinematic equations, the UAV velocities can be calculated from the information received from GPS sensors, and future positions can be predicted. The collision avoidance algorithm is tested using the incoming information from real-time aircraft.
- Resource Type:
- Student Research, Presentation, Poster, and Abstract
- Campus Tesim:
- Pomona