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- Creator:
- Temourian, Allison
- Description:
- The purpose of this study was to examine neighborhood, friend, and family influences on alcohol and drug of Latino and Armenian adolescents. Self-report survey data were collected from 368 Armenians (Mage = 16.2, 56.5% girls) and 748 Latinos (Mage = 14.9, 55.3% girls) in Southern California. The results of hierarchical multiple regressions found: (1) perceived neighborhood availability of substances was significantly related to alcohol and drug use in Armenian American and Latino adolescents, (2) perceptions of friends' alcohol use and friends' drug use were related to adolescents' alcohol use and drug use, (3) perceived maternal monitoring and paternal monitoring were related to less alcohol use and drug use among adolescents, and (4) perceived maternal monitoring moderated the relationship between friends' drug use and adolescents' drug use. A few implications of the results follow. First, policy makers and community leaders can use public service announcements to reduce perceptions of neighborhood availability of alcohol and drugs. Second, mental health practitioners should identify motivations for why adolescents who drink or use drugs associate with substance using friends. And finally, family life educators should encourage parents to monitor their youth through open communication.
- Resource Type:
- Thesis
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Department:
- Psychology
- Creator:
- Adams, Sandra D., Hsu, Stephen D., Dickinson, Douglas, Lee, Lee H., De Oliveira, Aline, Chu, Tin-Chun, Murray, Sean R., Chen, Ping, and Hammond, Jeffrey R.
- Description:
- Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a strong antioxidant that has previously been shown to reduce the number of plaques in HIV-infected cultured cells. Modified EGCG, palmitoyl-EGCG (p-EGCG), is of interest as a topical antiviral agent for herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) infections. This study evaluated the effect of p-EGCG on HSV-infected Vero cells. Results of cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicate that p-EGCG is not toxic to cultured Vero cells and show that modification of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with palmitate increases the effectiveness of EGCG as an antiviral agent. Furthermore, p-EGCG is a more potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) than EGCG and can be topically applied to skin, one of the primary tissues infected by HSV. Viral binding assay, plaque forming assay, PCR, real-time PCR, and fluorescence microscopy were used to demonstrate that p-EGCG concentrations of 50 μM and higher block the production of infectious HSV-1 particles. p-EGCG was found to inhibit HSV-1 adsorption to Vero cells. Thus, p-EGCG may provide a novel treatment for HSV-1 infections.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0278-6915
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Creator:
- Adams, Sandra D., Hsu, Stephen D., Dickinson, Douglas, Lee, Lee H., De Oliveira, Aline, Chu, Tin-Chun, Murray, Sean R., Chen, Ping, and Hammond, Jeffrey R.
- Description:
- Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a strong antioxidant that has previously been shown to reduce the number of plaques in HIV-infected cultured cells. Modified EGCG, palmitoyl-EGCG (p-EGCG), is of interest as a topical antiviral agent for herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) infections. This study evaluated the effect of p-EGCG on HSV-infected Vero cells. Results of cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicate that p-EGCG is not toxic to cultured Vero cells and show that modification of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with palmitate increases the effectiveness of EGCG as an antiviral agent. Furthermore, p-EGCG is a more potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) than EGCG and can be topically applied to skin, one of the primary tissues infected by HSV. Viral binding assay, plaque forming assay, PCR, real-time PCR, and fluorescence microscopy were used to demonstrate that p-EGCG concentrations of 50 μM and higher block the production of infectious HSV-1 particles. p-EGCG was found to inhibit HSV-1 adsorption to Vero cells. Thus, p-EGCG may provide a novel treatment for HSV-1 infections.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0278-6915
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Creator:
- Yarborough, Jonathan R., Medh, Rheem D., Shankar, Deepa B., Todd, Jennifer, Lee, Lee H., Okafor, Chiedozie, Morris, Devin, Kirzner, Jonathan D., Sakamoto, Kathleen M., Perez, Winder, Chu, Tin-Chun, Murray, Sean R., Nary, Laura J., and Priceman, Saul J.
- Description:
- Glucocorticoid (GC)-evoked apoptosis of T-lymphoid cells is preceded by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), which may contribute to apoptosis. This report demonstrates that GC-mediated upregulation of the bZIP transcriptional repressor gene, E4BP4, is dependent on [Ca2+]i levels, and correlates with GC-evoked apoptosis of GC-sensitive CEM-C7-14 cells. Calcium chelators EGTA and BAPTA reduced [Ca2+]i levels and protected CEM-C7-14 cells from Dex-evoked E4BP4 upregulation as well as apoptosis. In the GC-resistant sister clone, CEM-C1-15, Dex treatment did not induce [Ca2+]i levels, E4BP4 expression or apoptosis, however, the calcium ionophore A23187 restored Dex-evoked E4BP4 upregulation and apoptosis. CEM-C7-14 cells were more sensitive to GC-independent increases in [Ca2+]i levels by thapsigargin, and a corresponding increase in E4BP4 expression and cell death, compared to CEM-C1-15 cells, suggesting a direct correlation between [Ca2+]i levels, E4BP4 expression, and apoptosis.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0006-291X
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Creator:
- Yarborough, Jonathan R., Todd, Jennifer, Lee, Lee H., Okafor, Chiedozie, Perez, Winder, Chu, Tin-Chun, and Murray, Sean R.
- Description:
- Resistance to heavy metals is important for the survival of bacteria in contaminated environments. In this study, we show that the unicellular cyanobacterial species Synechococcus sp. IU 625 adapts to growth in the presence of mercuric chloride, recovering from pigmentation and morphological defects. Cells accumulate mercury within two hours of growth and by three days, the total mercury concentration is significantly reduced, with all remaining mercury associated with the cells. This suggests that Synechococcus sp. IU 625 can convert mercury to a volatile form.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0065-1281
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Creator:
- Yarborough, Jonathan R., Todd, Jennifer, Lee, Lee H., Fernandez, Silvia, Sacristan, Vera, Abrego, Bernardo, Hurtado, Ferran, Perez, Winder, Chu, Tin-Chun, Murray, Sean R., Fabila-Monroy, Ruy, Flores-Penaloza, David, Saumell, Maria, and Okafor, Chiedozie
- Description:
- Resistance to heavy metals is important for the survival of bacteria in contaminated environments. In this study, we show that the unicellular cyanobacterial species Synechococcus sp. IU 625 adapts to growth in the presence of mercuric chloride, recovering from pigmentation and morphological defects. Cells accumulate mercury within two hours of growth and by three days, the total mercury concentration is significantly reduced, with all remaining mercury associated with the cells. This suggests that Synechococcus sp. IU 625 can convert mercury to a volatile form.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0065-1281
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge
- Creator:
- Medh, Rheem D., Shankar, Deepa B., Morris, Devin, Kirzner, Jonathan D., Sakamoto, Kathleen M., Priceman, Saul J., and Nary, Laura J.
- Description:
- Glucocorticoid (GC)-evoked apoptosis of T-lymphoid cells is preceded by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), which may contribute to apoptosis. This report demonstrates that GC-mediated upregulation of the bZIP transcriptional repressor gene, E4BP4, is dependent on [Ca2+]i levels, and correlates with GC-evoked apoptosis of GC-sensitive CEM-C7-14 cells. Calcium chelators EGTA and BAPTA reduced [Ca2+]i levels and protected CEM-C7-14 cells from Dex-evoked E4BP4 upregulation as well as apoptosis. In the GC-resistant sister clone, CEM-C1-15, Dex treatment did not induce [Ca2+]i levels, E4BP4 expression or apoptosis, however, the calcium ionophore A23187 restored Dex-evoked E4BP4 upregulation and apoptosis. CEM-C7-14 cells were more sensitive to GC-independent increases in [Ca2+]i levels by thapsigargin, and a corresponding increase in E4BP4 expression and cell death, compared to CEM-C1-15 cells, suggesting a direct correlation between [Ca2+]i levels, E4BP4 expression, and apoptosis.
- Resource Type:
- Article
- Identifier:
- 0006-291X
- Campus Tesim:
- Northridge