Gang activity and membership were noted to be significantly related to financial rewards. As such, gang membership and gang activity should also be understood from an economic perspective. In this article, Pierre Bourdieu's framework of capital is use . . .

This study examines the relationship between industrial output and in-house R&D, technology transfer and spillovers from foreign investment in China using the most recent economic census data (2004) published by the Chinese State Statistical Bureau in . . .